摘要
丙烯醇與有機酸或酸酐在普通情況下可生反應，製成丙烯酯。本實驗爲提高丙烯酯之產率，分別探求酜酐，己二酸，檸檬酸等與丙烯醇反應之適當操作條件，以期獲得最高產率。酜酸二丙烯酯之製備－（1）丙烯醇之用量，以比理論量多10%卽可，（2）觸媒，對甲苯磺酸之用量，以2.7% (對酜酐重量計，卽用1/2克分子有機酸或酸酐時，加2公克觸媒)爲宜，（3）不用銅粉比用銅粉時爲佳，（4）反應時間愈長，作用愈完全。反應24小時酜酸二丙烯酯之最高產率可達97.7%。檸檬酸及己二酸等之丙烯酯均可依下述標準條件製備，（1）10%過剩之丙烯醇，（2）用1/2克分子酸時，加6公撮粗甲苯磺酸爲觸媒，250公撮甲苯爲溶劑及脫水劑，（3）不用銅粉爲阻聚劑。如是反應8小時，己二酸丙烯酯最高產率爲97.3%；反應12小時，檸檬酸三丙烯酯最高產率爲85.5%。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
The optimum conditions for preparing allyl esters, such as diallyl phthalate, diallyl adipate and triallyl citrate, had been studied. Allyl alcohol was preferably used in 10% excess of the theoretical guantity. Using 250 ml. toluene as the solvent and azeotroping agent and 2 grams of refined p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst, the yield of diallyl phthalate was 97.6% of theorectical, while the time of reaction was 20 hours When 6 ml. of crude toluene sulfonic acid solution containing half gram of p-toluene sulfonic acid per ml. was used as catalyst, diallyl adipate was obtained in 95% yield in 8 bours, and triallyl citrate, 85% yield in 12 hours. It was also found that the use of copper as inhibitor is not necessary and that crude toluene (about 60% toluene) may be used in place of pure toluene without de- creasing the yield appreciably.
並列關鍵字
無資料延伸閱讀
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