丙烯樹脂之研究 （七）丙烯樹脂之懸浮聚合

Allyl Resins. VII. Suspension Polymerization of Diallyl Phthalate and Triallyl Citrate

賈魁士(Kuei-Shih Chia) ； 曹福湧(Fu-Yong Chao)

《化學》 45年1期 (1956/03) Pp. 31-38

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1956005

摘要

為製得粉粒狀之聚合物，以便塑形及其他用途，乃試作酜酸丙烯酯之懸浮聚合(Suspension polymerization)。以水為浮媒，試用滑石粉、碳酸鎂、磷酸鈣與甘油等作懸浮穩定劑，結果以碳酸鎂較為合適。其使用量為2.5%(對酜酸丙烯酯單體)時，可得烴為0.3-0.4公厘之顆粒聚合酯。水與單體之用量比例，最少為5:1，通常以8至10:1為適宜。聚合酯產率達94%以上(過細之顆粒隨漂流損失者尚未計算在內)。聚合溫度愈高與觸媒過氧化二苯甲醯(Benzoyl peroxide)用量愈多，則酜酸丙烯酯之聚合率愈高，而聚合率(Conversion of monomer)則隨聚合期之時間成直線上升。在氮氣中進行酜酸丙烯酯之懸浮聚合，則比在空氣中者較為迅速。檸檬酸丙烯酯之懸浮聚合結果大致與酜酸丙烯酯之情形相似，惟前者之聚合速度較後者為快。

並列摘要

Suspension polymerization of diallyl phthalate and triallyl citrate has been studied. Water was used as suspension medium. Talc, magnesium carbonate, calcium phosphate or glycerine was used as suspension stabilizer in the bead polymerization of diallyl phthalate. It was found that only magnesium carbonate was suitable as a suspension stabilizer. The quantity employed was 2-5% by weight of diallyl phthalate monomer. The weight ratio of water to diallyl phthalate should be greater than 5 in order to prevent the formation of lumpy polymers. In general, ratio of 8-10 was preferable and the yield of bead polymer of diallyl phthalate was over 94%. Polymers of triallyl citrate were also prepared by the same method. However the yied of triallyl citrate bead was only 66%. The initial rate of polymerization was greatly improved at higher temperature and large amount of catalyst. And the rate of polymerization of diallyl phthalate was faster under the nitrogen atmosphere than under the air atmosphere. Conversion of monomer was directly increased with time. The polymerization of triallyl citrate was similar to that of diallyl phthalate except the reaction rate was faster.