由乙炔製芳烴化合物之研究

Preparation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Acetylene

李詩長(Shih-Chang Li)

《化學》 52年1期 (1963/03) Pp. 1-14

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1963001

摘要

自乙炔製芳烴化合物之產量，與反應之溫度，催化劑之種類，通乙炔之流速，及反應時間之長短，均有重大關係。反應溫度以在650°C比600°C及550°C為佳，催化劑以玻璃絨(glass wool) 較鎳鉻(Ni-Cr wire)合金為佳，通乙炔之流速以在71./hr.比4,5,及61./hr.為佳，反應時間愈長，則產量愈多。用分餾分析(fractional distillation)共得6種芳烴化合物，用氣體分析儀(gas chromatography)分析共得26種芳烴化合物，其主要產品是苯，甲苯，萘等。

並列摘要

The yield of aromatic hydrocarbons from acetylene is dependent on the reaction temperatures, the kinds of the catalysts, the velocities of the passing acetylene and the reaction times. The temperature at 650°C is better than 600°C and 550°C. The velocity of passing acetylene at 7 l./hr. is better than 6, 5 and 4 l./hr. The reaction time is more longer, the percent of the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons is more plentiful. The catalyst of glass wool is better than Ni-Cr wire. The stainless steel reactor is a very good reactor, because it not only maintains a uniform temperature and supports the solid catalyst but also acts as a catalyst by itself. The analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons by fractional distillation showed more than six kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons. The results are calculated as weight percent based on the crude aromatic hydrocarbons. The analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography both qualitatively and quantitatively was feasible; 26 kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons were found; The results are calculated as volume percent based on the fractional distillations. It is a good method to manufacture aromatic hydrocarbons from acetylene in the future, when hydro-electric power is cheap. The aromatic hydrocarbons not only contain high octane values as fuel for internal combustion engines, but also are valuable as raw materials in making T. N. T. (trinitrotoluene), B. H. C. (benzene hexachloride), D. D. T. (dichlorodiphenyl trichloride), nylon and indanthrene. ACKNOWLEDGMENT: This work was supported by the National Council on Science Development to which thanks are due. The author wishes to express his thanks to Dr. R. W. Moulton, Executive Officer of the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, U. S. A., for his kind interest and advice during this study.