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芳香烴之裂解反應 1,1-二〔甲苯基〕乙烷之裂解-甲基苯乙烯之試製

Catalytic Cracking of Aryl Hydrocarbons-Preparation of Methyl Styrene

摘要


本試驗係用白土爲觸媒,硏究1, 1-二(隣,對)甲苯基乙烷(ditolylethane,簡稱DTE)製備甲基苯乙烯(methylstyrene,簡稱MS),同時對該裂解反應機構,加以解釋。DTE經觸媒(臺灣活性白土5% ZnO+1% Cr_2O_3)裂解,可得甲基苯乙烯。本研究中所用觸媒,以江頭活性白土Pc_5A_1爲最佳,該觸媒之裂解性能緩和。裂解條件以溫度550°C,接觸時間0.5秒爲最合適。在此條件下所得之二〔甲苯基〕乙烷之裂解率爲57.5%,甲基苯乙烯之產率(對理論量)爲66.3%。在壽命實驗中所得之二〔甲苯基〕乙烷之最高裂解率爲68.5%,甲基苯乙烯之最高產率爲82.8%。總之,本觸媒之性能與美國白土和日本白土等觸媒相似,同時與文献中所載結果比較,亦毫無遜色。本裂解觸媒之活性,不可過强,又必需用稀釋劑,方可達到希望目的,卽抑制甲基苯乙烯之聚合反應所生產之高聚合物與避免DTE之過份裂解所生成之積碳,乃是本反應最重要的關鍵。本觸媒之壽命大約36小時,但可再生,再生觸媒性能仍如新配製者,毫無遜色。本觸媒壽命較爲短促的原因,係因在高溫時,甲基苯乙烯極易聚合所引起,低溫時DTE又無從裂解,是以無法壓低甲基苯乙烯之聚合,因此觸媒壽命難以延長,爲恢復觸媒之效能起見,只有賴於再生之一途。

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並列摘要


Catalytic cracking of ditolylethane (I) is carried out to prepare methyl styrene (II) which is able to replace styrene in its use of plastics and the extensive study is made to select a suitable catalyst. Among a series of 222 experiments the best result is obtained by using a catalyst containing 5% ZnO+1% Cr_2O_3 carried on Taiwan active clay. Optimum conditions to achieve 57.5% conversion of I and 66.3% yield of II are temp. 550°C and contact time 0.5 sec. The de crease in the activity of catalyst due to the poisoning effects of carbon and polymerized side reaction products, will be readily regenerated for many times. Interpretation of the cracking mechanism is also suggested.

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