製備不飽和聚酯時酯化速度之研究

Esterification Rates in Preparing Unsaturated Polyesters

曹福湧(Fu-Yong Tsao)

《化學》 57年3期 (1968/09) Pp. 124-128

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1968020

摘要

有關不飽和聚酯酯化速度影響因子，諸如反應溫度、二醇類、不活潑性氣體導入的流速、攪拌速度、觸媒之使用等等，分別予以試驗。以順丁烯酸醉不飽和聚酯而言，反應溫度宜在180°C以上，二醇類如乙二醇、丙二醇、羥乙醚、三乙二醇，以乙二醇反應最快。不活潑性氣體導入速度，以每分鐘每一體積液體導入一體積氣體以下爲宜。攪拌速度在酯化反應初期無關重要，惟在後期則有明顯作用，優良攪拌（快速度）能促進反應趨向完成。觸媒效用，在含有間位酜酸不飽和聚酯之酯化中，以鈦酸丁酯或草酸亞錫、醋酸鋅、醋酸鈉混合觸媒爲有效。在不飽和聚酯酯化中對位酜酸不易起酯化反應。

並列摘要

The factors affecting the rates of polyesterification, such as temperature, glycols employed, flow rate of inert gas, agitation speed , catalysts were investigated respectively. In polyesterification of maleic anhydride, reaction temperature should be higher than 180°C, and the reaction rate with ethylene glycol was the fastest. Space velocity of inert gas should be kept below 1 volume gas per 1 volume liquid reactant per minute. Condition of agitation showed no effect on reaction rate during the earlier period, but it became important at the later period. Vigorous agitation would increase the reaction rate quickly. In preparing unsaturated polyester containing isophthalic acid, the most effective catalysts were butyl titanate or the combination of stannous oxalate, zinc acetate, and sodium acetate. The polyesterification of terephthalic acid was most difficult to occur among all the acids studied.