雷射光譜儀在微量分析上的應用

林金全

《化學》 46卷2期 (1988/06) Pp. 114-121

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1988020

摘要

隨著雷射技術的進步，其應用在微量分析的分量也日漸重要。當使用雷射把能量純存在物質的激發態，可能引起馳緩(relax)或狀態轉變的方式有三：即發光釋出、發熱釋出與繼續吸收光子或藉著碰撞離子化產生離子與電子。理論上經探測其反應的方式即可推知物質的種類、濃度與能階結構。根據不同的偵測系統，本文介紹三種雷射光譜儀，即雷射激發螢光、雷射離化光譜儀與光聲光譜儀。並利用雷射光譜儀測得單一的原子，顯示其在微量分析的應用日益重要。

並列摘要

With the advent of laser techniques, application of lasers to the trace analysis is playing an important role. Upon irradiation of laser excitation, the energy deposited in the excited analyte may well depletes by the following processes: 1). radiative cascading; 2). radiationless relaxation; 3). release of ions and electrons either by successively absorbing additional photons or by collisions. The detection of the resulting response in principle will provide insight into the analyte identification, trace concentration and structure determination. Thus according to the variety of detecting system, three laser spectroscopies are reviewed. They are laser-induced fluorescence, ionization spectroscopy and optoacoustic spectroscopy. Achievement of a single-atom detection event implies that laser spectroscopy is showing a promising prospects in application to the trace analysis.