海水中微量金屬元素濃縮問題的探討第一部分：濃縮的基本原理

Study on the Pre-concentration Column for the Determination of Trace Metals in Seawater Part 1. Establishment of a Plate Model for the Column Pre-concentration

鍾仕偉(S. W. Chung) ； 白書禎(S. C. Pai) ； 陳秋妏(C. W. Chen) ； 董正釱(C. Dong) ； 歐錫祺(H. C. Ou)

《化學》 55卷1期 (1997/03) Pp. 21-28

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1997003

摘要

本文以濃縮的理論為基礎，探討海水中微量重金屬元素的濃縮問題。比較批次(Batch)濃縮法與管柱(Column)濃縮法之優劣以期對海水中重金屬的濃縮找出最合適的方法。顯然的在理論上濃縮的效果與倍數方面以後者較優。因為以層析學的觀點論之，批次操作是單一的平衡過程，而管柱操作是連續性的，有如許多的板魄，不但濃縮的效果勝於批次操作，而且樣水的體積可以增加，因此增加了濃縮的倍數，使測定更為靈敏。本文亦應用管柱濃縮法的理論於二種不同的樹脂，因而建立了新的管柱濃縮的指數模式。利用此數學模式可以有效準確的預測在不同的情況下，海水中微量重金屬的濃縮效率。

關鍵字

微量金屬 ； 預濃縮

並列摘要

A theoretical approach has been proposed to solve the problems usually associated with the efficiencies of the preconcentration columns for the determination of trace metals in seawater. By taking the column as a series of batch-wise plates, the efficiency of exchanging trace metals can be expressed as an empirical exponential equation. The equation has been further derived to suit two different types of resins i.e. the chelating ion-exchange resin and the Sep-Pak adsorption resin. These equations have been applied successfully to simulate the efficiency of a column under various flow rates, pH, and column sizes, and were of value in searching the optimal experimental conditions for the preconcentration of trace metals in seawater.

並列關鍵字

Trace Metals ； Pre-concentration