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金奈米粒子與生醫檢測

Gold Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications

摘要


金奈米粒子於可見光區具明顯的表面電漿共振效應,雖然隨著粒子直徑大小不同,顏色不具有明變化,呈紅色。但當其聚集在一起形成二三度空間結構,顏色會隨之改變。根據此現象,當含有金奈米粒子之探針(probe)與目標(target)DNA之雜合物,從其熔點,載片顏色變化及吸光度之改變可鑑定DNA之鹼基序列另外金奈米粒子與蛋白質結合用於免疫快速分析測試有明顯的顏色顯示,驗孕片即是其中一項商品化成果,由檸檬酸鈉還原金的鹽類(HAuCI_4)製成均匀的金奈米粒子是最普遍之方法,其直徑在10-150nm之間,易與DNA、蛋白質結合而應用於生醫檢測。最新的研究報告同時指出金奈米粒子除了適合於檢測之外,若與交流磁場作用,可產生瞬間局部之熱源,使連結於金奈米粒子上之DNA產生去雜合的能力,同時相信將有近一步應用於醫療方面的研究將陸續產生。

並列摘要


Gold nanoparticles have launched several important biomedical applications. Many of them are developed on the basis of optical properties of the particles. The collective dipolar oscillation, also called the surface plasmon resonance, contributes to the strong particle absorption while interaction with light. The maximal absorption wavelengths of the surface plasmon bands mainly occur at visible region. The strong red color of spherical colloidal gold particles gives a clear visualizable result in immunoassay rapid test. In this application, colloidal gold particles are conjugated with antibody and fixed in the test strip, prior to the testing scheme. The variation of color can occur due to the interparticle structural change and it has been utilized in the colorimetric DNA detection. A recent study regarding the conversion of radio frequency magnetic field into local heat by gold nanoparticles conjugated with DNA sequence implicated another interesting future application.

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