零污染安全微型木材乾餾裝置之設計與化學教學演示之研究

Study on the Design of Zero-pollution and Safe Apparatus on Microscale Dry Distillation

方金祥(Chin-Hsiang Fang)

《化學》 61卷2期 (2003/06) Pp. 297-305

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2003031

摘要

因應九年一貫課程中自然與生活科技領域教師創新教學設計，以簡易的器材如膠包鐵線、銅製三通管、鋁箔、鋁線、塑膠試管、牙籤及一些小零件等，設計組合成一套簡易安全零污染的「微型木材乾餾實驗裝置」，使木材乾餾實驗更為簡易、更安全，在教學準備上更容易與方便，激發師生做實驗的意願。本設計具有能將乾餾產物中固體的木炭、液體的焦油以及可然性氣體自動分離與收集之特色。此外，更可利用此套裝置進行從其他木材提煉出特殊的精油來。並藉由此套裝置進行實驗或演示，更使化學教學更具生活化及趣味化，以增進學生學習興趣及提升教與學的成效。

關鍵字

九年一貫課程 ； 自然與生活科技領域 ； 創新教學 ； 零污染 ； 微型木材乾餾裝置 ； 化學教學演示

並列摘要

This paper will design two sets of microscale dry distillation apparatus which belong to zero-pollution, rapid, safe and low-cost instruments for carrying out or demonstration in chemistry experiments at middle high school. These new designs consist of an alcohol burner, toothpick, matchstick, aluminum foil, fine copper wire and some small materials. These microscale dry distillation apparatus may be carried out to produce and identify the flammable gases and wood coal with using two or three pieces of matchsticks or toothpicks only within two to three minutes. And based on this apparatus, the microscale dry distillation apparatus may be carried out separating three major products, that is flammable gas, coal tar oil and wood coal voluntarily after heating wooden chopstick indirectly by alcohol burner within two or three minutes. Due to its zero-pollution and safety, it is called one of apparatus of green chemistry experiments and is very suitable in nine-year sequence curriculum courses.

並列關鍵字

rapid ； zero-pollution ； low-cost ； microscale dry distillation ； chemistry teaching demonstration ； nine-year sequence curriculum