- 學位論文
多功能原料藥廠化學品暫存區自動撒水設備性能化設計之探討
The Performance-Based Design of Sprinkler Systems in Temporary Chemical Storage Areas of Multi-Function Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Plants
摘要
生物科技產業被譽為廿一世紀的明星產業，我國政府近年來將生技產業列為國家重點發展目標之一。生物科技產業影響國人民生健康，深具發展潛力，因此政府重點推動發展這一高附加價值、知識導向型及低污染之科技產業。 在生物科技產業中的多功能化學合成原料藥廠生產線使用很多可燃性化學品，而現己存在的多功能化學合成原料藥廠中，為了方便生產，將53加侖桶裝化學品放置於接近生產線的走道，而走道上設置自動撒水系統進行防護，所以應探討化學品在撒水系統防護下的情況，以便建立新興型態原料藥廠的安全規範。 利用FDS (Fluid Dynamics Simulator)模擬軟體模擬多功能性化學合成原料藥廠暫存化學品的走道，並依實際情境模擬，分別使用標準型撒水頭、快速反應型撒水頭及早期抑制快速反應型(ESFR, Early Suppression Fast-Response)撒水頭進行模擬改善結果，同時側試提高撒水頭高度、增加側壁型撒水頭及增設隔間等方式進行模擬。 模擬結果發現，多功能性化學合成原料藥廠暫存化學品的走道應設置有洩水坡度，以避免水平廣撒後的蒸氣雲爆炸及撒水系統無法控制的狀況發生，而對於改善方法是以隔間隔離並且於隔間天花板設置撒水頭的方法是最佳，而隔間天花板設置的撒水頭又以選擇早期抑制快速反應型撒水頭最好，所以對於即設的多功能性化學合成原料藥廠須在暫存化學品的走道上設置洩水坡度，並加設隔間及早期抑制快速反應型撒水頭，如此可以有效抑制火災爆炸的發生，並減少火災的風險。 對於新設多功能性化學合成原料藥廠房應考量將物料暫存於戶外，以減少火災危險；並應設置防爆型設備，以避免火災爆炸的發生；對於化學品的暫存時間應控制在8小時或一個輪班別為準，以降低暫存量；對於動火管制應設置嚴格的管制措施；並對員工及承攬商等進行安全教育訓練，以達到安全生產的目的。
並列摘要
Biotechnology is a leading and important industry in the 21st century. It will also be one of the major industrial developments in Taiwan. Taiwan government focuses on promoting the development of the biotechnology industry in recent years. The biotechnology industry is deeply bound up with the health of people, and it also has many advantages, such as the technological concentrated and the capital concentrated enhancements, less pollution, and a high reward on investment. Many of the flammable organic chemicals are used in the production process of the multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plants in biotechnology industry. They place the chemicals close to the production line, and put 53 gallon drums in the corridor for the convenience of production process in the existing active pharmaceutical ingredient plant. Because the corridor is set up the sprinkler system for protection, the performance-based design of sprinklers in corridors should be studied in order to establish the new safety norms for multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plants. In this study, we simulated the sprinkler actuation for the chemicals temporary storage corridor of multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plant in accordance with the actual situation. The simulation software was FDS (Fluid Dynamics Simulator). The simulation included standard sprinklers, quick response sprinklers, early suppression fast-response (ESFR) sprinklers, raising the height of sprinklers, adding the sidewall sprinklers and additional compartments for assessing the results of improvement. The chemicals temporary storage corridor of multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plant should set up the outlet slope to prevent vapor cloud explosion that may cause sprinkler system failure from this research. Building an additional compartment and adding sprinklers in the compartment ceiling are the best improvement method for 55 gallons drum fires. The best selection of sprinkler in the compartment ceiling is ESFR sprinkler. So, the existing multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plant should set up the outlet slope in the chemicals temporary storage corridor and add ESFR sprinklers in the compartment. This improvement would prevent fire explosion and decrease the risk of temporary storage area. In conclusion, this study proposes that new multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plants should set up a temporary storage area at outdoor in order to constrain and decrease the fire hazards. New multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plants are proposed to set up explosion-proof equipments for avoiding the occurrence of fire explosion. In the temporary storage area, the chemicals should be controlled in the 8-hour or one shift for minimizing the amount of storage. To achieve the purpose of safe production, the hot work permit management should be built. The staffs and contractors should be trained about safety awareness continually in multi-function active pharmaceutical ingredient plants.