國內多數倉儲於80年代興建並取得使用執照,消防安全設備設置依84年版設置標準規定檢討消防安全設備,有關自動撒水設備設置於天花板裝設一般標準型撒水頭,放水量每分鐘八十公升(放水壓力1kg/cm2),其撒水頭感知頭採用一般感知型撒水頭(國內法規稱為第二種感度),為增加火災發生時之蓄熱效果,大多裝有直徑30cm之蓄熱板。93年版設置標準經修法,將『儲存可燃物場所』之放水密度修訂為每平方公尺每分鐘十公升以上,但此一雖符合國內法規規定,但其火災發生時之防護效果如何?有極大之爭議性。 本研究以貨架倉儲為模擬對象,探討國內、外法規中有關自動撒水設備之設計規定,參照目前國內市面上送審合格之撒水頭,依「木材」與「日常生活塑膠類」等兩類貨物為主要模擬對象,以FDS模擬各類撒水頭滅火情形,其結果顯示,25 lpm/m2之水密度可有效控制大賣場垂直堆放木材所引起之火災,而15.7 lpm/m2之水密度則可有效抑制塑膠類之倉儲火災。
Warehouse fires always cause serious damage if the sprinkler systems do not provide an appropriate protection. The 80 lpm was required for standard sprinkler to install in warehouse in 1995 and the water density was updated to 10 lpm/m2 in 2004 based on national fire agency in Taiwan. These requirements of sprinkler design are not approved per test data nor simulation data. FDS is used to simulate the required water density based on the wholesale stores in Tainan in this research. 25 lpm/m2 water densities are required to control the fire of vertical wood configuration and 15.7 lpm/m2 water densities are necessary for plastic commodity fire based on FDS simulation in this research.