自旋電子學之基石：簡介磁電阻與半金屬材料之發展與應用

The Fundamental of Spintronics: Introduction of the Development and Application for the Magnetoresistance and Half-metallic Materials

詹丁山(Ting-Shan Chan) ； 劉如熹(Ru-Shi Liu)

《化學》 66卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 37-47

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2008004

摘要

摘要：回顧人類文明發展之歷程，持續有各式各樣之記錄媒體產生，若依照不同技術之記錄方式，可略分為磁記錄、光記錄、磁光記錄和半導體記錄媒體。雖各屬不同之技術領域，其目的均為滿足人們對於資料儲存與記錄之需求。一個小小的硬碟要達到高容量之重要關鍵，在於硬碟於資料儲存與讀取時，其讀寫磁頭之靈敏度。讀寫磁頭靈敏度越好，資料讀取速度越快越準確，硬碟記錄密度自然也跟著提升。得益於讀取頭技術與磁電阻材料研究之創新與突破，嶄新的數位時代亦跟著蒞臨，舉凡硬碟、隨身碟以及數位MP3等等大家所熟悉之電子產品，正逐步朝向更微小化與更高容量邁進，人們於生活中越來越依賴高容量之記錄媒體，勢必帶動更多研究團隊，投入發展新的技術和商業化的產品。於本文中將介紹現今被廣泛討論的自旋電子學，針對應用於讀取磁頭之磁電阻材料以及自旋電晶體之半金屬材料，簡介其發展背景沿革、相關基礎理論、材料結構以及應用狀況做一概略描述。

關鍵字

自旋電子學 ； 磁電阻 ； 半金屬材料

並列摘要

According to different recording mode of technology, the recording media can be divided into magnetic recording, optical recording, magnetic-optical recording and semiconductor recording medium. All these technologies have contributed to the development of high-tech modern electronics appli-cations. During the writing and reading of the data of hard discs, the key point is to procure the high recording density, which is dependent on the sensitivity of the read-head. The better sensitivity of read-head is responsible for more accurate and faster reading speed. Benefiting from break-though technology for read-head and the novel magnetoresistance materials, several electronic products such as hard disks, flash disks and digital MP3, etc., become reality. With the advent of nanotechnology, there is growing interests in the development of smaller and higher recording density media. In this article, we will introduce the magnetoresistance and the half-metallic materials useful for sprinc-tronics applications. The background, fundamental theory and materials structure in view of their applications in spintronics will be discussed.

並列關鍵字

Spintronics ； Magnetoresistance ； Half-metallic Material