Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum has received considerable attention in recent years because SERS technology can be developed and applied for sensing molecules and performingbio-imaging tracking analysis method. In this article, we provide a brief introduction to the core concepts ofthe SERS evolution and itspotential applications when the SERS technology combined with nano-sized particles. Interestingly, surface plasmon resonance of noble metal nanoparticles greatly assists the promotion of SERS effect. The induction of the SERS generation around noble metal nanoparticles can perform vibration signal generation locally in biological and environment specimensystems. The relevant examples (e.g., toxic molecule sensing, SERS mapping method for molecular imaging, SERS-combined phototherapy, and multi-model optical imaging system) in the current reports are included.