近年來高亮度共軛半導體高分子點及奈米粒子在生物影像及藥物應用上的發展

Recent Advances of Semiconducting Polymer Dots in Bioimaging and Medicine

柯啟祥(Chi-Shiang Ke) ； 詹揚翔(Yang-Hsiang Chan)

《化學》 75卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 3-23

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2017001

摘要

近年來，共軛半導體高分子點已經成為一種新型高亮度的螢光探針，並受到廣泛注目，這類型的高分子奈米顆粒主要由具有高度共軛的分子系統所組成，其具備多項優點。例如：高螢光亮度、快速的輻射效率、良好光穩定性、表面官能基容易修飾、低毒性等。由於這些優勢，這幾年來共軛高分子奈米粒子已經被廣泛應用在生物影像及藥物應用上。本篇專題報導將探討近年來共軛半導體高分子點在生物顯影以及藥物應用上的發展。

關鍵字

螢光共軛高分子奈米顆粒 ； 生物顯影 ； 近紅外螢光

並列摘要

Semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) are a class of brightly emissive nanomaterials for biological analysis and imaging, as well as for diagnosis and drug delivery (therapy). Due to their exceptional photophysical properties, including large extinction coefficients, high single-particle brightness, and excellent photostability, Pdots are very suitable for these different applications. In addition, Pdots possess good biocompatibility, tunable optical properties and surface properties and colloidal dimensions. There have been several reviews that described conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPN) in the past decade, ^(1-19) but only some of these CPNs can be defined as Pdots. In our definition, Pdots should own both small particle size and high brightness. Therefore, we consider Pdots to be a subset of CPNs. ^(11) In terms of the concept of small ＂dot＂, the size of Pdots should be less than 20-30 nm in diameter, preferably in the 5-20 nm range. As the weight or volume fraction of semiconducting polymers largely determines the fluorescence brightness, Pdots should consist of more than 50% semiconducting polymer, either in weight or in volume, preferably with greater than 80% semiconducting polymer. Finally, Pdots should have a hydrophobic polymer interior. If the reported semiconducting polymer nanoprobes do not satisfy the above three criteria, we will refer to them more generally as semiconducting or conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs).

並列關鍵字

Semiconducting polymer dots ； Bioimaging ； Near-infrared fluorescence