氫能發電系統關鍵組件開發與應用

大量化石能源使用所排放的溫室氣體造成暖化、酸雨、空氣汙染等問題正衝擊著全球生態環境，因此世界各國紛紛呼籲減少化石燃料使用，同時規劃逐步邁向低碳或零碳能源經濟發展，其中氫能因燃燒時不會產生二氧化碳，可用於能源供應、工業、儲能等領域，受到的關注日益提高，未來將成為供應能源動力的主要來源之一，因此以氫氣為燃料的燃料電池相關研究與應用亦更加受到重視。質子交換膜燃料電池所採用的金屬雙極板具有高導電性、高導熱性、良好機械性質以及極低的氣體穿透率、易於沖壓加工成型、原料便宜且適合大量生產等特點，但其挑戰在於金屬表面的氧化與腐蝕反應易影響電池性能，常用的不鏽鋼材料雖具備抗蝕性，但長時間暴露於燃料電池內的酸性環境中仍有腐蝕風險，故不鏽鋼表面通常需再披覆鍍層以達到抗蝕效果。本研究前期在不鏽鋼表面形成導電碳抗蝕層，但單一碳層難以達到完全緻密，故抗蝕效果不佳，進而影響電池耐久性。為改善此問題，在不鏽鋼與碳膜間引入中介層做為保護層以提高抗蝕性，最後以表面披覆此多層導電碳薄膜的雙極板組裝成短電池組進行長時間運轉驗證，測試時間達5,072小時，電壓衰退率為2.27%，顯示有效提升燃料電池組發電之耐久性。同時，將披覆此多層膜及無鍍層之金屬雙極板分別組裝成燃料電池組，於0.65 V/cell時的總功率分別為1,136.4W與733.4W，由此可知採用多層導電碳薄膜的金屬雙極板不論在耐久性或性能上均有助於提升電池表現。

關鍵字

氫能；燃料電池；雙極板

並列摘要

Environmental problems such as global warming, acid precipitation, air pollution are impacting the whole world due to the greenhouse gases emitted from the use of fossil energy. Therefore, countries around the world continue to call for reducing the use of fossil fuels and planning to develop a low-carbon or zero-carbon energy economy. Hydrogen energy has received increasing attention and will become one of the energy sources in the future. More attention has been paid to the research and application of fuel cells using hydrogen. The metal bipolar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cells have high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, good mechanical properties and extremely low gas permeability. The characteristics of easy stamping and forming are suitable for mass production. However, the challenge comes from oxidation and corrosion reaction of the metal surface. Although stainless steel is corrosion resistant, corrosion reaction still occurs in the acid environment, so the surface of stainless steel usually needs to be coated with an anti-corrosion layer to avoid corrosion. In the early stage of this study, a conductive carbon film was formed on the surface of stainless steel bipolar plate, but the compactness of carbon layer was not good enough to prevent metal from corrosion, resulting in poor durability of the stack. In order to improve the durability, a conductive intermediate layer was introduced between the stainless steel and the carbon film as a protective layer to improve corrosion resistance. Finally, bipolar plates coated with anti-corrosion layer (intermediate layer and carbon layer) were assembled into a short stack for long-term operation test. The testing time had reached 5,072 hours, and the voltage decay rate was 2.27%. At the same time, the metal bipolar plates coated with the anti-corrosion coating and SS316 without coating were assembled into a fuel cell stack separately, and the total power at 0.65 V/cell was 1136.4W and 733.4W respectively. As the result, the stack with coated metal bipolar plates had better performance than the one with SS316 bipolar plates.

並列關鍵字

Hydrogen energy ； Fuel cell ； Bipolar plates

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