論中華文化倫理中之權力關係與距離

Power Distance in the Ethics of Chinese Culture

林欣宜(Hsin-Yi Lin)

《南台人文社會學報》 14期 (2015/11) Pp. 141-166

摘要

本倫理是中華文化的核心價值之一，規範相關群體間的人際關係與言行，是維護社群和諧發展的基礎。「倫理」不僅是人倫關係應遵循的道理與準則，實質中亦隱含著社會群體間的階級權力關係。每一階段歷史的社會發展不同，對倫理實踐的要求也不一，其社群成員間的權力關係也有差異。當社群組織成員間存有權力差距時，即表示其權力關係是不平等的。權力距離大之文化，其社群成員間的階級明顯，反之，社群間的關係較為平等。本文擬以權力距離為主軸，剖析傳統儒家倫理思想所隱含之權力關係與距離，如家庭、學校、職場等社群成員間之權力關係與距離。

關鍵字

儒家倫理 ； 中華文化 ； 社群關係 ； 權力距離

並列摘要

Ethics, one of the core values of Chinese culture, regulates interpersonal relationships among groups, as well as people's words and deeds. It is often recognized as the foundation upon which the harmonious development of a community can take place. Ethics refers only to principles and guidelines that should be followed in human relationships, but also has implications for class and power relations between social groups. Power distance in different cultures takes different forms, as a result of differences in historical development. When power distance exists between cultural community members, it can be inferred that power relations are not equal. In cultures with large power distances, the distinctions between social classes in the community are quite obvious. In contrast, in cultures with smaller power distances, there is more equality in relationships between community members. This article addresses the theme of ethics within the theoretical framework of power distance. It also explores diverse forms of power distance that are implicit in the ethics of Chinese culture, and are demonstrated through the power relationships and distance between community members in settings such as families, schools, and workplaces.

並列關鍵字

Confucian ethics ； Chinese culture ； social relations ； power distance