俄語前綴＂пере-＂所構成動詞語義的機制及其語義脈絡－以俄語詳解辭典看俄語動詞前綴＂пере-＂

Semantic Relations and Types of Word Formation Created by the Russian Prefix ＂пере-＂from the Perspective of the Russian Explanatory Dictionary

鄭盈盈(Yin-Yin Cheng)

《南台人文社會學報》 15期 (2016/05) Pp. 93-117

摘要

俄語中存在許多構詞的方式，其中之一便是前綴構詞法。構詞學研究中，前綴的派生能力歷來是語言學關注的議題。前綴就如同詞彙一般，可具有多義性，而俄語前綴正是多義的詞素。基於此，前綴在構成新詞的語義、構詞過程的角色功能，自然無法被忽視。俄語前綴在構詞的語義脈絡網下，可以派生許多新詞。如何形成語義脈絡以構成新詞，構詞規律及限制，在學習俄語語義模型及詞類語法範疇層面，（尤其是動詞），具有重要地位。本文以俄語詳解辭典具前綴＂пере-＂的動詞為例，審視最具派生能力前綴＂пере-＂所構築的語義脈絡網，梳理前綴構詞的語義脈絡圖示、構詞類型及前綴所揭示語言認知的意義，希冀有助於外語教學與學習。

關鍵字

俄語 ； 構詞 ； 動詞前綴＂пере-＂ ； 語義網絡 ； 俄語教學

並列摘要

There are a number of methods of forming new words in Russian, one of which is the use of prefixes. The morphological productivity of prefixes is one of the key issues in the study of linguistics. Prefixes can be ambiguous just as words can. Russian prefixes are ambiguous and polysemous morphemes; hence, the influence of prefixes on semantic meanings can never be ignored. In the process of forming new words, they have great potential to give rise to new formations on a systematic basis - semantic relations. The ways by which semantic relations are formed when forming new words, the formation rules, and the limits of prefixes in Russian, play an important role in the construction of semantic models and grammatical categories of parts of speech, especially verbs. In addition, semantic models will show models of cognition. This paper aims to survey the semantic relations of the prefix ＂пере-＂, the most productive Russian prefix, through analysis of discussions of Russian verbs with this prefix in the Russian Explanatory Dictionary. This research will help us to gain a clear image of semantic models, types of word formation and the models of cognition created with the prefix ＂пере-＂. It is hoped the results will helpful for language teaching and learning.

並列關鍵字

Russian language ； morphology ； verbal prefix＂пере-＂ ； semantic relations ； language teaching