The Effect of Moderate Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Flexibility

中等運動強度的有氧運動對認知變通的影響

傅慧榕(Hui-Jung Fu) ； 許鳳如(Feng-Ru Sheu)

《南台人文社會學報》 16期 (2016/11) Pp. 31-49

摘要

Performing regular, daily physical activity is believed to prevent cognitive decline and may enhance cognitive functioning. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive functional performance in college students. The participants were 32 healthy young adults within the age range of 20-30 years old (M age = 21.78, SD = 1.88) enrolled at a university in central Taiwan. They were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group, with an equal number of male (n = 8) and female (n = 8) students in each group. Over a 4-week aerobic exercise intervention, exercised groups were aerobically active 3 days a week for 50 minutes each time, while the control group remained in an inactive lifestyle. The outcome was to measure cognitive flexibility. Neurocognitive data was analyzed using a (2 x 2: group x time) mixed factorial ANOVA and comparing the control to the exercising group. A significant interaction existed between group and time F (1,30) = 20.07, p ＜ .05, η2 = .40. The investigation shows that the exercising group had lower interference scores than the control group after the exercise program. These findings suggest that regular aerobic exercise may facilitate cognitive performance, particularly in regards to attention/concentration in young adults.

關鍵字

aerobic exercise ； cognitive flexibility ； selective attention ； Stroop effect

並列摘要

執行身體活動的常規生活方式被認為是可以防止認知功能的減退，更有可能可以提高認知功能。本研究的主要目的是探討有氧運動對大學生之認知功能表現的影響。參加者是32名年輕健康但沒有規律運動習慣的成人，年齡範圍為20-30歲，（M年齡 = 21.78，SD = 1.88），就讀於臺灣中部的一所大學。他們被隨機分配到運動組或不運動組，各組有同等數量的男性*（n = 8）和女性（n = 8）學生。在這4週的有氧運動介入，運動組需進行每週3天，每天時間為50分鐘的有氧運動，而不運動組需保持原來不運動的生活形態與習慣。測量結果為認知變通。採用混合二因子變異數分析來進行神經認知數據的分析並比較運動組與不運動組之間的差別：（組 x 時間: 2 x 2）。組和時間F（1,30）= 20.07，p ＜ 0.05，η2= 0.40之間存在著交互顯著。調查發現，經過4週的有氧運動的介入之後，運動組的干擾得分低於不運動組。因此，研究結果表示，規律的中等強度的有氧運動也許能提升認知的表現，特別是對於年輕成人的注意力/專注力。

並列關鍵字

有氧運動 ； 認知變通 ； 選擇性注意 ； 史楚普效應