被忽略的男性身心健康議題：飲食異常青少年男性吃食相關經驗探究

男性飲食異常議題長期被忽略且影響身心健康甚鉅，建議需由學校系統早期介入以有效協助，故理解男性如何經歷飲食異常經驗，有助於推動以校園為基礎之早期預防。本研究目的有二：一、探究飲食異常青少男的吃食相關經驗；二、理解飲食異常發展中身為男性之經驗。方法：採兩階段研究設計，先招募某高中男校，以「飲食態度量表－26題」針對高一、高二男生進行第一階段篩選，回收有效問卷1714份，並邀請其中73位高危險群進行第二階段診斷性晤談，依結果招募到7位符合條件者進行深入質性訪談。結果與結論：參與者浮現六項以「吃」貫穿之經驗主題：一、「愛吃：期待又怕受傷害」；二、「恨吃：胖受嘲諷責己食」；三、「拒吃：挨餓只盼外型佳」；四、「愧吃：催吐抗吃心矛盾」；五、「困吃：提心吊膽怕復胖」；與六、「難吃：愛美中性男難為」。本研究發現青少男飲食異常吃食相關經驗之困境脈絡，由性別角度觀之，社會文化期望男孩多吃、體壯，然若被賦予追求成就的男孩，在發育時感受到受矚目外表或成就的失落，又身處外界對體型的嘲諷與規訓，或喜好為非男性主流、性別氣質不合模時，易以激烈方式與進食纏鬥，身為男性更隱諱難言，文末提出對教育、實務與政策之建議。

關鍵字

飲食異常；青少年；男性

並列摘要

Purpose: The research has two purposes: (1) to explore the eating experience of adolescent boys with eating disorders; (2) to understand the experience of being a male in the development of eating disorders. Method: Adopting the hermeneutic phenomenology as the research approach, a two-stage design was conducted to look for hidden participants in the community. A total of 1, 714 valid questionnaires were obtained with EAT-26, which was administered in a male high school in Tainan, Taiwan; 73 students were identified as high risk for eating disorders. Seven diagnosed students were included as participants in this study. Result: Six themes were generated. Theme 1 to 5 showed the developmental process of eating disorders, while theme 6 reflected gender experiences of teenage boys with eating disorders: (1) "like to eat-look forward to but afraid of getting hurt"; (2) "hate to eat-decide to lose weight for getting good reputation"; (3) "refuse to eat-hope to get good shape although it might be suffering"; (4) "be ashamed to eat-vomit it out against over eating but feel ambivalence"; (5) "puzzle to eat- afraid to eat for getting fat", and (6) "difficult to eat- the sissy boys like to dress up and make up, easily excluded by others". Results and conclusions: This study specifically presents the painful dilemma and context encountered by adolescent boys with eating disorders, and there are further discussions and suggestions at the end of the article.

並列關鍵字

Eating Disorders ； Adolescent ； Male

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