論護病關係的互為目的自身性－－從康德哲學談護理人員的專業倫理

The Nurse-Patient Relationship are End to Each Other------A Study of Kant's Philosophy in the Professional Ethics of Nurses

李素貞(Su-Chen Lee)

《弘光學報》 45期 (2005/05) Pp. 1-16

https://doi.org/10.6615/HAR.200505.45.01

摘要

護理作為一種專業，遵守專業的倫理規範是一種義務，也是一種責任。本文藉由康德哲學探討道德義務的概念，將其應用於護理專業，奠定其倫理規範的基礎。另外經由「人作為它自身的目的」之概念証成護病關係的互為目的自身性。康德道德義務論著重的是行動者的存心，一個行為必須是出於義務才是善的行為。依義務的普遍法則，一個人不只有自我的義務，還有對他人的義務，對護理人員而言，對他人的義務主要是 信守承諾以及幫助病人。其次康德認為每個人都是理性的存在，所以每個人的存在自身就是目的，不能只被當作工具來使用。在護病關係中二者是互為目的，不只病人是「目的自身」，護理人員也是「目的自身」。如此在相互尊重的過程中，透過病人對護理專業的尊重，達到以病人褔祉為中心的護理。

關鍵字

理性 ； 義務 ； 護理倫理

並列摘要

For nursing as a profession, to obey the ethic model is an obligation and also a responsibility. Thepurpose of this paper is to explore the concept of morality advocated by Kant's philosophy, and apply it as abasic foundation in the code of ethic for nurses. Also through the concept of ＂human is an end in itself＂ toprove that in a nurse-patient relationships, nurse and patient are end to each other.Kant's philosophy of obligation emphasize the good will of actors. An action must be done from asense of duty. As to abide by the universal law, duties of a man is not only to himself but also to others. Toothers, duties are fidelity and go to the aid of patients.Moreover, Kant's philosophy was everyone all in the rational existence. So everyone as an end initself, never as means only to be arbitrarily used. In a nurse-patient relationships, nurses and patients areend to each other. The patient must be an end in itself; also the nurse should be likewise. Therefore, throughthe process of mutual respect, the patients respect the nursing profession, and the nurses achieve the aim ofpromoting the welfare of patients.

並列關鍵字

reason ； obligation ； nursing ethic

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