論台灣職業災害補償邏輯的矛盾

On Discussing Logic for Occupational Hazards Compensation in Taiwan

邱國正(Guo-Zheng Qiu) ； 吳文彥(Wen-Yen Wu)

《政策與人力管理》 4卷3期 (2013/12) Pp. 103-133

https://doi.org/10.29944/PPM.201312_4(3).0004

摘要

本文目的在於找出職災補償救濟制度的邏輯矛盾之處。職災救濟從文獻上可劃分為「賠償」與「補償」兩種概念。觀察現行補償制度，可發現在「醫學證據」、「法理論述」都隱含「損害賠償」邏輯，造成本應依循「補償」概念的保險救濟原則，朝向證據原則前進，且實務上難以配合舉證；同時「財務制度」上出現「保費矛盾調整」、「標籤制度下不平分擔與不當分配」與「球員兼裁判」等行政與制度上的問題。結果，驅使資方逃避職災責任，導致勞方過度承擔的職災成本的情形。

關鍵字

職災補償 ； 損害賠償 ； 相對風險 ； 業務遂行性 ； 保險制度

並列摘要

The purpose of this article is to find out the logical contradictions for occupational hazards compensation. Occupational hazards relief in the literature review can be divided into ＂compensation＂ and ＂Damages＂. On observing the existing Occupational hazards Compensation system, it can be found that the ＂medical evidence & legal principle＂, implied the logic of ＂Damages＂, which caused insurance relief in ＂Compensation logic principle＂ toward to ＂evidence for principles＂, but it is hard to proof in practice. While emerged the contradiction on ＂Insurance premium adjustment＂ of fiscal system, unfair burden and improper allocation under label effect, and roleplayer chaos etc. the issue of administration and institution as well. As a result, driving the employer escaped the responsibility of the occupational hazards which leads laborers excessive bears the cost of Occupational hazards.

並列關鍵字

Compensation for occupational ； Damages ； Relative risk ； Course of employment ； Insurance programs