以事件相關頻譜震盪分析探討非法藥物使用青少年之行為監控神經機制

Using event-related spectral perturbations to examine the neural mechanisms of behavioral monitoring in adolescent drug users

陳巧雲(Chiao-Yun Chen) ； 柯政宏(Cheng-Hung Ko) ； 蕭睿宏(Ruei-Hung Siao)

《藥物濫用防治》 3卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 45-76

https://doi.org/10.6645/JSAR.201803_3(1).3

摘要

青少年藥物成癮是世界各國所關心的問題，為能更有效地防治青少年藥物成癮，本研究採用情緒性停止訊號作業來比較使用非法藥物青少年11 位（實驗組）與一般青少年11 位（對照組）在抑制控制與錯誤監控相關的神經機制以及負面情緒調節量表、思覺失調人格型問卷與貝氏衝動性量表之差異。問卷結果顯示使用非法藥物之青少年在貝氏衝動性量表皆高於對照組，負向情緒調控節分數則低於對照組，在思覺失調型人格問卷上得分二組無顯著差異。情緒性訊號停止作業腦波結果顯示，中性情緒刺激下之在抑制成功情況，實驗組於N2 時間區段之theta 領域神經振盪強度低於控制組，實驗組的抑制能力較弱。控制組在負向情緒情境於P3 時間區段之theta 領域神經振盪強度高於中性刺激，顯示控制組在負向情緒刺激時，運用較多的注意力資源，但實驗組無法依不同情境需求而調配其注意力資源。錯誤監控歷程上，無論負性刺激或中性刺激，實驗組錯誤關聯負波時間區段的theta 領域神經振盪強度皆低於控制組。在負向情緒刺激下，錯誤關聯正波之時間區段的theta 領域神經震盪強度顯示，實驗組theta 領域神經振盪強度低於控制組。使用非法藥物青少年表現出在情緒中性情緒情境中較低的抑制控制，在負性情緒情境中可使用注意力資源較少，以及對錯誤意識較弱。這些顯示使用非法藥物青少年在不同情境影響下，產生一般及特殊性影響效果。

關鍵字

藥物成癮 ； 抑制控制 ； 錯誤監控 ； theta

並列摘要

Adolescent drug addiction is a worldwide source of major concern in terms of effects on health and effects it may have on social security. Here an emotional stop signal task with EEG recording and was used to investigate the differences between adolescent users of illegal drugs (experimental group, n=11) and normal adolescents (control group, n=11) in terms of inhibitory control and error monitoring. Additionally, the Negative Mood Regulation Scale, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and the Negative Mood Regulation Scale were used to differentiate the two groups. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group. Scores from the Negative Mood Regulation Scale were lower for the experimental group than for the control group. There were no differences in the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire scores between the two groups. ERP data showed that theta activity during the N2 time interval, potentially indicative of inhibitory control, was lower in the experimental group for trials with emotionally neutral stimuli than for these trials in the control group. In the control group, the theta activity during the P3 time interval, indicative of use of attentional resources, for the negative emotional condition was higher than for the neutral emotional condition, but there was no difference for these conditions in the experimental group. This is consistent with the control group paying more attention in the negative emotion situation, but the experimental group not doing so. In relation to error monitoring, the theta activity in the ERN time interval was lower in the experimental group than the control group, irrespective of the emotion condition. For negative emotional trials, theta activity in the Pe time interval in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. Adolescent drug users showed a pattern consistent with lower inhibitory control for emotionally neutral trials, less attentional resources engaged by (or available for) negative emotional trials and lower error awareness for these trials. They also showed ERP measures indicative of reduced error detection. The data obtaines both general differences (for example, in inhibitory control) and specific differences (such as different use of attentional resources in emotional conditions) for adolescent drug users compared to normal adolescents.

並列關鍵字

drug addiction ； inhibitory control ； error monitoring ； theta