華嚴宗理論創新的過程、內容與價值:以《華嚴十玄門》為例分析

The Processes, Values and Methods to Re-new the Philosophy of Huayen School: Focus on Chih-yen’s Thoughts of Ten Profound Gates

魏道儒(Dao-Ru Wei)

《華嚴學報》 1期 (2011/04) Pp. 41-51

摘要

隋唐佛教是中國佛教的頂峰時期，宗派輩出，華嚴宗即為其中具備完善創造性理論者，在思想史上佔重要地位。本文以「十玄門」為例，闡述該宗在智儼和尚的融攝下，把中國思想「一」、「玄」，前人的「一乘緣起」、「法界緣起」等概念擴大與深化，而有了周遍圓滿、新的意義出現。首先，智儼把佛的真理性活動視為「玄」的體現，本質上有著離言絕相，不可思議的特點。又以「舉譬辯成於法」、「約法以會理」二項來論證法界緣起的道理，並運用「十會」（即「十對」）的概念，辨析「一與十」、「一與多」在緣起法的範圍內是可以等同，從而得出「一即一切、一切即一」的結論。同時，經上常有「微塵現國土」、「大小相得入」等描述，認為這是佛或菩薩的神通變化，但智儼卻拒絕這樣的說法，他認為這是世界本來就有的理想狀態，與神通無關。「華嚴十玄門」透過智儼的層層辨析，不但具有理性精神，也豐富了當代思想。

關鍵字

華嚴宗 ； 智儼 ； 十玄門

並列摘要

This research probes into Chih-yen’s thought and focuses on the process of founding in respect of the philosophy of Hua-yen School. Hua-yen School Philosophy is filled with consummation of perfection. The cardinal model of doctrine about Hua-yen School flows from Avata saka stra, which have been interpreted by Chih-yen. The study presents the form and process of creation about early Huayen School Philosophy. The mains of this study were (1) the substance of mind-only theory researches about substance of development from ＂The Dependent Origination of Tath gatagarbha,＂ to ＂Dependent Origination of Dharma Realm. (2) the logic of perfect interfusion interprets the reason of perfect interfusion in abstract; Chih-yen presents the logic of perfect interfusion by ＂mutual determination and interpenetration＂, ＂mutual causation＂ and ＂six characteristics.＂ This part in addition studies in the effectiveness of demonstrating perfect interfusion in Hua-yen school. (3) the object realm of Hua-yen is a concrete elaboration for perfect interfusion in object realm of Avata saka stra. This part including two sections, one is Buddha object realm (ten profound gates), and the other is practice causation.(4) characteristics and modern meaning about Dependent Origination of Dharma Realm, might be disserted from diversified aspects, is integration about monolithic thought, interconnection thought, value thought and modern related thought.

並列關鍵字

Chih-yen ； Hua-yen School ； Ten Profound Gates