六祖壇經的思想

On The Thought Of The Lu-Tsu T'an-Ching

釋聖嚴(Sheng-Yen Rev)

《中華佛學學報》 3期 (1990/04) Pp. 148-163

https://doi.org/10.6986/CHBJ.199004.0148

摘要

壇經流傳的版本甚多，本文不作考訂。壇經的思想系統，雖用般若經，實則是沿襲如來藏的觀點，用般若的空慧，實證真如佛性，即是明心見性。壇經中引用。《金剛般若經》者凡五見，引用《文殊說般若經》者一處。其目的是在證明相無而性有，強調本心及本性實在。所引般若經典，乃在取其作為修證的觀行方便，那便是般若三昧及一行三昧。壇經引用《維摩經》者計六例，共有五種觀念：頓悟、守心與直心、行住坐臥的日常生活即是修行、動靜一體、不二。此外尚可在壇經中見到《大涅槃經》、《菩薩戒經》、《法華經》、《華嚴經》、《觀無量壽經》、《大乘本生心地觀經》等的思想。壇經的心理實踐，名為「無念法門」，它又有無住、無著、無相等不同的名稱，以無念得智慧，以無著離煩惱，以無相證佛性。壇經的生活實踐是以懺悔、發願、受三歸依戒為準則，而又將之導歸心理實踐的「無相法門」。

並列摘要

Lu-tsu T'an-ching （六祖壇經） or 'The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patrairch' is the analect of Master Hui-neng (638-713) of Ch'an Buddhism. More over, his analect borrowed the doctrines of 'emptiness and wisdom' of the Prajnaparmitasutra to prove the existance of the reality of Buddha Nature. He emphaises ＂One's own Buddha Nature is reveals after having understood throughly one's own mind through introspection＂. His principle point of view is still in accordance with Tathagatagrabha doctrine. The analect quotes from the Vajracchedika-prajnaparamita Sutra in five paces and from the Wen-shu Shuo Po-yeh Ching（文殊說般若經 or 'the Prajnaparmitasutra preached by Manjusri'） once, in order to approve the existence of Buddha Nature. Also, bases on the above-mentioned scriptures, the analect stresses on the existence of the 'inherent mind' and the 'inherent Buddha Nature'. Again, the analect quotes from the Vimalakirti-nirdesa Sutra six times in order to discuss the theory of 'sudden enlightenment', 'the Purified mind' and 'to live with a disciplined daily life as a way of religious practice', etc. Except from the scriptures mentioned above, the analect also quotes from the thoughts of the Nirvanasutra, the Saddharmapunderikasutra, the Avatamsakasutra, etc, for the establishment of Hui-neng's own thought. The way of psychological practice that is contained in th analect is entitled ＂Wu-nien Fa-meng （無念法門 OR Method without a thought）＂. From this method one can increases one's own wisdom and departs from the troublesome. For the religious life, the analect emphasises on one should taking refugee to the Buddha, the Dharma and the Sangha and observes the Vinaya. Also one should make confession of faults that have been committed and then to resolve not to repeat them.

參考文獻

壇經。

金剛經。

維摩經。

楞伽阿跋多羅寶經。

梵網菩薩心地戒品。