地論師、攝論師的判教學說

「地論師」、「攝論師」分別是指南北朝中葉至唐朝初年 ( 六、七世紀 ) 研習世親的〈十地經論〉和無著的〈攝大乘論〉的專家。無著和世親是印度佛教瑜伽行學派的創始者，而地論師、攝論師闡揚其論著的教理,可說是中國初期的瑜伽行教學傳習人。現時地論師、攝論師的著作大部分已經散候，祇能通過後人的記載和零星的逸文，觀其教說之一二。「判教」者,是指對內容、風格多樣的佛教經典和教義,加以類別和會通的工作。判教的風氣是在東晉末年 ( 五世紀初 )開始形成,隨即迅速開展。在南北朝時代,流行著各種判教主張,當中不少為地論師、攝論師所提出,反映了他們的教學取向,並影響到日後判教理論的發展,是值得注意。本文根據現今可見的資料, 析述地論師、攝論師的判教學說。本文共分四部分：(1) 地論師菩提流支的判教學說(2) 地論師慧光的判教學說(3) 攝論師真諦的判教學說(4) 後期地論師的判教學說

關鍵字

一音教；漸教；頓教；三法輪；四宗

並列摘要

The Ti-Iun and the She-Ion masters were the respective experts in Vasubandhu's Das abhūmikasūtra-sastra and Asaoga's Mahayanasamgraha-sastra active in the sixth and seventh centuries, and their teachings were significant in that they reflected the early Chinese interpretation of Yogacara thought. This paper examines the ways various Ti-Iun and She-Iun masters dealt with the subject of p'an-chiao, with a view to highlighting some of the basic concerns and features of early Chinese Yogacara. This paper is divided into the following four sections： 1. The p'an-chiao doctrines of the Ti-Iun master Bodhiruci 2. The p'an-chiao doctrines of the Ti-Iun master Hui-kuang 3. The p'an-chiao doctrines of the She-Iun master Paramartha