This article describes the process of seeking land rights and discusses related issues of the aboriginal mining rights in Australia. Basically, the Native Title Act is Australia's important bill to deal with Aboriginal land rights. Although Native Title guarantees the mineral rights and land rights of the aborigines, it does not equal the real land rights. In the past 40 years, although the Australian aboriginal rights and land rights have made good progress, there are also cases that Native Title could not effectively protect the rights of aboriginal peoples' land.