從立法程序看我國「博物館法」草案立法之研究

A Study on the Drafts of ＂Museum Act＂: From the Perspective of Legislative Procedures

張玉漢(Yu-Han Chang)

《博物館與文化》 6期 (2013/12) Pp. 141-165

摘要

「博物館法制」之研究將有助各類型之博物館在其「位階」及「定位」上取得發展方向，且法制化以後的博物館發展能提供館所經營者對其館所在預算或租稅減免的部分能有更明確的規劃方向，可使我國博物館之館所發展能進行較長遠、具遠景之藍圖規畫。而針對我國博物館法之法制研究，在國內較少被學者重視，且於實務上也僅第三、四屆立法院會期有委員提出外，其餘不見立法或行政機關有較積極之動作。故本文採「文獻分析」透過國內二手資料之收集，其中包含立法院相關公報及提案紀錄、國內相關評析、新聞報導等相關資料進一步做分析，並佐以立法院法案審查過程之介紹，從「立法程序」的層面來探討過去「博物館法」在我國推動之情況及未來可能發展之方向。預計藉由本文可讓讀者對我國過去「博物館法」在立法院推動之狀況能有更明確之瞭解，並能進一步知道未來博物館界如要繼續推動「博物館法」時，在立法院所需注意之事項。

關鍵字

博物館法草案 ； 立法機關 ； 立法程序 ； 利益團體

並列摘要

Legalization and institutionalization of museums help different kinds of museums find their positions and directions. Legalization and institutionalization provide museum managers with guidelines on budgeting and tax exemptions, so that managers can make long-term plans. Scholars in Taiwan pay, however, little attention to this topic. In practice, the drafts of ＂Museum Act＂ were proposed only by legislators who served in the third and fourth term of Legislative Yuan. Beyond that, the administration branch and legislative branch did not take any other actions. Based on literature review, this paper collects and analyzes materials including the official gazette of Legislative Yuan, news stories, and commentaries. It also supplements the analysis with the legislative process of the drafts of ＂Museum Act＂ in the Legislative Yuan. This paper discusses the drafts of ＂Museum Act＂ from the perspective of legislative procedures. The author hopes that the readers can understand why the drafts failed to be passed in the Legislative Yuan and what could be done in the future in order to successfully enact the ＂Museum Act＂.

並列關鍵字

Museum Act Drafts ； Legislative Yuan ； Legislative Process ； Interest Group