以文化模式拯救蒐藏

The Cultural Model of Museum Collections

林崇熙(Chung-Hsi Lin)

《博物館與文化》 7期 (2014/06) Pp. 25-57

摘要

傳統博物館珍寶式蒐藏遭受當今新型式博物館（如科學中心、社區博物館、生態博物館）對蒐藏的背離與挑戰。傳統蒐藏品作為歷史見證的真實性也在後現代論述中崩解。本文考察了博物館蒐藏的社會困境、本體論陷阱、與認識論侷限後，提出博物館應以文化模式為蒐藏基準，並連結文化資產保存為外部虛擬蒐藏，方能以「說服式真實性」、「見證式真實性」及「參與式真實性」交織出新的競爭力，來解決傳統博物館蒐藏與觀眾的疏離、精英價值觀點的階級性、知識／權力建構的政治性、國族認同建構的政治操弄、後殖民貶抑與結晶化凍結等問題與困境。文化模式蒐藏將能融合傳統博物館「以物為本」的蒐藏優點與新型式博物館「以人為本」的參與式優點，並在實踐式三重真實性的交織下，超越知識／權力操弄的詮釋漂移性及後現代的碎裂性，以開出新時代的蒐藏新局勢。

關鍵字

博物館 ； 蒐藏 ； 文化模式

並列摘要

Traditional museums, which are based on collections, face lots of challenge by science centers, community museums, eco-museums, and post-modernism. After examining the social dilemma, ontological traps, and epistemological limits of museum collections, this paper proposes a cultural model of museum collection, which will connect cultural heritage conservations as external collections. Due to the power of ＂pursuing reality＂, ＂testimony reality＂, and ＂participating reality＂, this cultural model will solve the problems of the indifference between audience and collections, the class character of museum elites, the political construction of knowledge, the political construction of national identity, and the post-colonial discrimination. In advance, this cultural model will combine the advantage of object collections and the virtue of people participation for the new development of museum collections.

並列關鍵字

Museum ； Collection ； Cultural model