博物館創意學習資源研發之設計思考：以史博館行動博物館為例

Design Thinking and Developing Museum Creative Learning Resources: The Mobile Museum of the National Museum of History

華家緯(Chia-Wei Hua)

《博物館與文化》 20期 (2020/12) Pp. 83-112

摘要

博物館與學校間以「夥伴關係」達到1+1＞2的成效，是博物館長期努力的目標。本文即以2019年國立歷史博物館與國立臺北藝術大學合作，共同推出「策展思維的美感教育：史博館行動博物館為場域」計畫為研究個案，分享學習資源研發導入設計思考的過程，其中，課程議題嘗試加入當代環境及社會議題探討，思索博物館教育活動融入環境永續的執行可能，據以提出操作相關議題的經驗，提供博物教育人員及學校教師在活動及課程研發時參考。本文以個案之行動研究，探討設計思考導入課程及教具等學習資源的規劃與執行，藉由研究者實際參與和觀察，以及學習資源使用者問卷調查和回饋意見等，進行討論與分析。結果發現，學習資源研發時導入設計思考之步驟需適時調整流程與參與者互動，搭配道具、資料、調查及演示等內容，可在有限時間下更快進行同理的情感投射，發展有效討論。課程中搭配輔助的教具，有助將抽象想法轉化成具體內容，能幫助快速產生創意。歸納使用者的整體回饋，顯示課程可促進不同背景教師跨域合作，達到激發創意的目的。將此學習資源帶回課堂實作，可提供學生學習動力和不同的思考方向。最後，博物館學習資源內容具相當吸引力，認為多運用博物館開發的內容，可達到資源共享效果。

關鍵字

博物館學習資源 ； 設計思考 ； 問題導向學習 ； 行動博物館

並列摘要

Museums working with schools in different levels such as partnerships are long-term endeavors. Taking the project ＂Aesthetic Education on Curatorial Concept-Based on the Sphere of Mobile Museum of National Museum of History (NMH)＂ collaborated by NMH and Taipei National University of the Arts (TNUA) in 2019 as a case study, this paper aims to explore the perspective and process of inducing design thinking when museums develop their learning resources with issue-driven approach for school teachers and administrators. This paper adopted an action research approach to study the planning and implement of learning resources including courses and teaching aids with design thinking. Multiple data on designing the learning resources was collected coupled with participant observation on 80 participants. A summative evaluation was also conducted to collect 64 feedback by learning resources users. We discovered that modifying the steps of inducing design thinking can enhance the effectiveness of the discussion among participants, with the use of props, archives, surveys and demonstration. Inducing design thinking into learning resources also helps to transfer abstract concepts to concrete ones. Our feedbacks from the users show firstly, the inducing design thinking courses can enhance interdisciplinary collaboration for teachers from different background and stimulate their creativity. Secondly, the learning resources for practical purpose in classrooms can provide learning motivation and diverse thinking method for students. Lastly, the learning resources provided by museums are attractive, and multi-apply on museum content can enlarge resources sharing.

並列關鍵字

Museum learning resources ； Design Thinking ； Problem-Based Learning ； Mobile Museum