民間融資提案制度的理想與現實：以日本為例

The Ideal and Reality of Private Finance Initiative: Base on the Experience of Japan

林淑馨(Shu-Hsin Lin)

《民主與治理》 2卷1期 (2015/02) Pp. 37-63

https://doi.org/10.3966/2311505X2015020201002

摘要

民間融資提案制度之所以會受到各國青睞，主要乃是在於各國政府一方面希望運用民間豐沛資金彌補財政之不足，以加速推動施政項目；另一方面又希望藉助民間的創意，為較易流於僵化的公務系統注入新生命，促進公共服務的多樣化，並提升服務品質和營運效率。相較於我國的民間融資提案屬於新的制度和研究領域，國人對其普遍認識不足，日本在此方面因已經執行多年，且相關法制建構較為完善，因而其經驗應可以作為欲推動該制度的我國之參考與借鏡。研究結果發現，日本推動民間融資提案制度的經驗提供我國如下之啟示：首先，需建構完善之民間融資提案制度的法制環境；其次，在執行面上則可考量採取以小型社會基礎建設為主的循序漸進之促參推動模式，並培育中小企業的民間業者以建構複數的競爭市場，提升其效率，同時強化地方政府對民間融資提案制度的專業認知；此外，勿過度陷於民間融資提案制度的經濟迷思中，應釐清理論與實務間的落差，以降低日後推動的失敗。

關鍵字

公私協力 ； 民間融資提案制度 ； 民營化 ； 財政支出價值 ； 財務平準化

並列摘要

The main reason that Private Finance Initiative (PFI) is favored by governments all over the world is that the abundant financial resources from private sectors could make up government finance deficit, and accelerate the implementation of public policies. On the other hand, the innovative ideas from private sectors could reduce rigidity and give public sectors a new lease of life, help promote the diversification in public services, and improve the service quality and management efficiency. Compared to Japan, PFI in Taiwan is a new institutional model and research field; there is lack of common understandings on PFI. Meanwhile Japan has been implementing PFI for several years already, its legal structure is relatively well-established, and its lessons could serve as references when promoting PFI in Taiwan in the future. Study shows that the promotion of PFI in Japan can serve as an inspiration for Taiwan. First, Taiwan will need a well-established legal institution. Second, at the implementation level, Taiwan could consider focusing on smaller social infrastructures to promote PFI step by step, and nurture small and medium-sized enterprises forming multiple competitive markets, to improve efficiency, and to enhance the professional knowledge of the local government about PFI for reducing future implementation failure at the same time.

並列關鍵字

public-private partnership ； private finance initiative (PFI) ； privatization ； value for money (VFM) ； financial equilibrium