近代「數字卦」研究考述

Study of Recent Decades on Number Sets

陳詠琳(Yong-Lin Chen)

《臺北市立大學學報.人文社會類》 47卷2期 (2016/12) Pp. 39-56

https://doi.org/10.6336/JUTHSS.4702.003

摘要

所謂的「數字卦」，乃指出土文物上某種奇特的卜筮符號，有學者指出這些符號為「一」到「十」的數字，並將之與《周易》互相連結，遂使此類符號有「筮數易卦」之稱，成為新穎的研究題材。張政烺以「奇數為陽，偶數為陰」的原理，把這些數字符號轉換為《周易》卦畫，系統性地建構「數字卦假設」。在「數字卦假設」提出前的二十年間，考古團隊陸續挖掘出刻有此類卜筮符號的出土文物，學者們掌握的材料越來越多，足以對「數字卦」展開進一步的探究，在樓宇棟等人的推動下，學術界掀起一股數字卦研究熱潮。然而，張政烺雖然替數字卦建構了相當程度的學說體系，但其終究只是個假設，未必為正確的客觀事實。因此，有些學者從其他角度切入反思，對「數字卦假設」的內在問題提出質疑。「數字卦研究」至今已風行卅餘年，擁有可觀的研究成果，可惜學者們皆埋首於數字卦符號的解構與分析，鮮少有人去整理卅餘年來學者們的研究成果，以致「數字卦研究」顯得片面、零碎，讓人不得其門而入。有鑑於此，本研究試著梳理近代「數字卦」的出土概況與研究歷程，並闡述對張政烺「數字卦假設」的反面見解，回顧卅餘年來學術界對「數字卦」的研究成果。

關鍵字

筮數易卦 ； 數字卦 ； 卜筮符號 ； 出土材料

並列摘要

The so-called number sets are the particular divination symbols on the unearthed cultural relics. There are scholars regarding those symbols as numbers and linking them with Zhou Yi. As a result, this type of symbol is called divination number and Yi Jing trigram and is a new research issue. Applying the principle that odd numbers are ying （陰） and even numbers are yang （陽）, Cheng-Lang Chang transferred these numbers to be Zhou Yi's 64 hexagrams, constructing the number sets hypothesis systematically. In the twenty years before and after the number sets hypothesis was submitted, the archaeological team excavated successively the unearthed cultural relics with such divination symbols inscribed on and the scholars found more and more material which sufficed further understanding of number sets. Promoted by Yu-Tung Lou et el., the research of number sets was on trend. Although Cheng-Lang Chang constructed at a certain degree the theory system for number sets, the theory system for number sets is after all a hypothesis merely, not correct objective fact absolutely. Therefore, some scholars approach and think from a different angle, querying the problem inside the theories for number sets. Till now, the research of number sets has been on trend for more than thirty years, establishing considerable academic accumulation. Nevertheless, most of the scholars are concentrated on the research of number sets symbols and the cultural relics and few of the scholars organize the research results of the recent thirty odd years on number sets. Due to that, it seems that the research of number sets is fragmented and scattered, which hinder others' understanding of it. In the current study, in view of that, it was tried to organize the general situation of unearthing of number sets and the research process of the recent decades on number sets. And the academic evolution and opposite opinions therein were introduced in this study briefly as a review of the research of the recent decades on number sets.

並列關鍵字

divination number and Yi Jing trigram ； number set ； divination symbol ； unearthed material

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