柑橘、葡萄、印度棗與草莓多重殘留風險評估

農民用藥依害物種類之不同，而選擇不同類型之推薦農藥進行防治，而當同時有不同害物發生時，勢必有不同農藥多重使用之情形，而導致消費者攝食一種蔬果殘留多重農藥之風險。本研究探討柑橘、葡萄、印度棗與草莓等4種常見同時檢出多種農藥殘留之水果品項其多重殘留風險。結合哺乳動物毒理之毒性作用機制並就其於法規面上推薦用藥之理論殘留容許量風險與2016年實際多重殘留監測案例，對哺乳動物危害商數（hazard index, HI）整體風險進行比較分析，並依據農藥相同毒性評估組（common assessment group, CAG）分群，以劑量相加模式，進行累積性風險評估，結果顯示於此4種柑橘、葡萄、印度棗與草莓水果品項實際多重殘留案例中，其女性累積危害商數於2016年分別為0.272、0.013、0.013及0.096；而男性累積危害商數則分別為0.170、0.009、0.007及0.070。整體累積危害商數評估結果，2016年實際案例累積危害商數均遠低於安全值1。而於法規面上推薦用藥之理論殘留容許量累積危害商數亦均低於安全值1，女性理論累積危害商數分別為0.696、0.177、0.078及0.182；而男性理論累積危害商數則分別為0.435、0.129、0.043及0.132。本研究結果無論採理論或實際案例之累積暴露危害商數，其危害商數均低於安全值1，顯示其多重累積風險低，累積危害商數無論男女性別其高低依序為柑橘、草莓、葡萄與印度棗，此科學數據危害商數可說明實際農藥多重共暴露的風險低，並可做為政府主管單位管理多重共暴露農藥議題之重要科學依據與未來田間用藥推薦管理與建議。

關鍵字

相同毒性評估組；劑量相加；累積性風險評估；危害商數

並列摘要

According to the different types of plant pests, farmers use different types of recommended pesticides for prevention and control. When different pests occur at the same time, there are bound to be multiple use of different pesticides, which leads to the risk of consumers eating multiple pesticide residues. This study investigated the multiple residual risk of four common fruit products with multiple pesticide residues detected in citrus, grape, Indian jujube and strawberry. Combining the toxicological mechanism of animal toxicology with a comparative analysis of the theoretical risks of recommended drugs on the regulatory side and the overall risk of hazard index for the 2016 actual multiple residue monitoring cases. Based on the common assessment group (CAG), this study performed the accumulation risk assessment by dose additivity model. The results showed that the cumulative hazard index of the four citrus, grape, Indian jujube and strawberry fruit items in the actual multiple residual cases was 0.272, 0.013, 0.013, 0.096 for female in 2016; while for male is 0.170, 0.009, 0.007, 0.070 in 2016. The overall cumulative hazard index is still far below the safe value ＂1＂ of the overall hazard index. The theoretical risk of recommended pesticides on the regulatory side is also below the safe value ＂1＂. The theoretical cumulative risk quotient for female is 0.696, 0.177, 0.078 and 0.182, respectively, while for male is 0.433, 0.129, 0.043 and 0.132, respectively. The results of this study can be used as an important scientific basis for the multi-co-exposure use of pesticides and to strengthen the management of multi-co-exposed pesticides by government authorities and the evaluation and recommendations for future field drug recommendation management.

並列關鍵字

common assessment group ； dose additivity ； accumulation risk assessment ； hazard index

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柑橘、葡萄、印度棗與草莓多重殘留風險評估

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