The function of museum has changed from a treasure-house of historical relics to an educational institution which play the important role of providing learning opportunities for the public. While the exhibition of artifacts increases gradually in museum, various activities and diverse display methods are found in exhibition environment. Thus, the design of exhibition areas and the application of exhibition devices become more and more complicated. Aiming at exploring the complex component of the exhibition micro environment in museum, this research tries to explain and analyze the display methods, materials of display cases and exhibition devices from their structures and hierarchical systems. The methods used include site survey, professional interview and literature analysis. Moreover, this paper also tries to establish the classification system and methods for nominating display cases which is expected to be served as references for museum administrators.