我國公立博物館圖書室營運發展析論－以故宮圖書文獻館為例

國內公立博物館為了實踐使命、支援館務或服務公眾等不同目的，相繼成立規模或名稱不一的圖書室（館），致使從業人員或社會大眾對於此類圖書室定位的認知，常在「公共圖書館」與「專門圖書館」之間擺盪。本文作者發現各界對於公立博物館圖書室能否兼顧「公共化」與「專業化」常有疑慮，公私部門也可能對其服務範疇互有認知差異，而使圖書室常須面對「使用效率不高」的質疑聲浪，因而想要探討其營運發展的問題。首先，針對公立博物館圖書室的經營概況進行文獻研究，希冀能對本文發現之問題探討與圖書室之未來發展提出佐證或建議。其次，彙整與對照國內外對於博物館使命、公共圖書館宗旨與專門圖書館定義之繩墨規矩，除藉以釐清國內公立博物館圖書室的營運型態，更希望找出造成經營困境之關鍵所在。最後，作者以國立故宮博物院圖書文獻館為例，藉由探討營運概況（數據分析與實務觀察），發現該館雖能配合國立故宮博物院執行各項措施，但對於資源緊縮等營運窘況的侷限，似難突破現狀或有效改善。而要如何找出圖書文獻館未來可行方向，契機在於凝聚共識規劃營運發展政策，以及推動公立博物館圖書室營運基準與專門圖書館認證制度的問世。

關鍵字

博物館圖書室；專門圖書館；營運發展政策

並列摘要

Public museums in Taiwan have set up libraries for the purposes of fulfilling museum missions and providing practical assistance and public service. Museum staff and the general public hold differing opinions on whether such libraries should be classified as public or special libraries. There are frequent doubts expressed by the outside world as to whether museum libraries can achieve a balance between publicness and professionalism, and museum libraries constantly deal with questions concerning poor utilization by the private and public sectors due to differing perceptions on their service scopes. The aim of this study was to explore these issues from the perspectives of operations and development. Firstly, a literature review regarding the operational circumstances of public museum libraries was conducted to provide recommendations for future improvements. Secondly, by summarizing and comparing the guidelines related to museum missions, public library purposes and special library definitions, the author intended not only to clarify the business models of public museum libraries in Taiwan, but also to sort out the key points which lead to operational difficulties. Based on data analyses and observations of the National Palace Museum Library, limitations such as resource retrenchment have led to this museum library's inability to improve its performance. From the results of this study, the following suggestions are made: gather consensus in the processes of planning and policy-making, establish criteria for the management of public museum libraries, and introduce an accreditation mechanism for special libraries.