博物館展示與成人觀眾對話之探討－以國立故宮博物院玉器展為例

展示是博物館與觀眾溝通的主要場域，如何透過展示與觀眾進行有效的溝通，成為博物館的重要課題之一。觀眾之間的「對話」實際反映觀眾內心所見、所思及所感，透過觀眾對話，可窺知觀眾在博物館展示學習的歷程。本研究以國立故宮博物院玉器展為研究場域，以經常參觀藝術文化類博物館的成人觀眾為對象，運用非參與觀察法、訪談法收集質性資料，並採用立意取樣，選取共20名受訪者，2人為一組，形成10組成人觀眾團體參與研究。本文從停駐及對話情形、參觀動線、展示設計及文物詮釋等面向，檢視成人觀眾如何與展示環境脈絡互動，瞭解觀眾對於展示的反應與回饋。研究發現受訪成人觀眾的對話是以閱讀及引述展示說明文字為主，受訪者的先備知識及經驗影響其對於展示內容的理解及詮釋，其中情境造景展示對於促進團體成員對話發揮較佳的效果，最後本文則針對展示設計提出改善建議。

關鍵字

博物館展示；展示設計；成人觀眾；對話；環境脈絡

並列摘要

Exhibitions are the main channels of communication between museums and visitors. Implementing strategies to achieve effective communication through exhibitions is one of the essential tasks of museum staff. A study of adult museum visitor conversations is of significance research value as it can provide insights into the learning process that takes place during visits to exhibitions. The aim of this paper was to investigate the conversations of adult visitors to the jade gallery of the National Palace Museum. Purposive sampling method was applied to identify adult visitors who frequently visit art and cultural museums. A total of 20 adult visitors were enrolled. They were divided into 10 teams of 2 visitors each. Nonparticipant observation and interview method were used to collect data. The physical context of the exhibition was evaluated in terms of visitor stops and conversations, visitor flow, exhibition design, and interpretation of the objects. It was found that most conversations were based on reading and quoting of the text on the exhibition panels. In conclusion, interpretation and understanding of exhibition contents are mainly influenced by prior knowledge and experience among adult visitors. The results of this study can be used as references for improving various aspects of exhibitions.