- 期刊
臺灣南部東港溪二氧化碳和甲烷排放
Carbon-Dioxide and Methane Emissions from Tungkang River in Southern Taiwan
摘要
為探討河川溫室氣體排放量，測定臺灣南部東港溪流域上游、中游和下游之環境條件、水質、二氧化碳和甲烷排放情形。東港溪流域上游水質較佳、下游次之，中游最差。上游、中游和下游水域上方空氣二氧化碳含量分別介於361.18 ± 6.62-385.71±8.87、398.44± 11.09-410.94±4.15 和369.38 ± 4 .55-406.06 ±12.62 ppm; 甲烷含量分別介於1.78±0.02- 2.13 ± 0.16、2.05±0.06- 2.27±0.05和1.99±0.07 -2.44 ±0.12 ppm。在氣體濃度測定方面，利用上部空間法檢測，以透明瓶偵測二氧化碳濃度分別介於3,134.05 ± 8.38-4,663.59 ±178.51、1,158.27 ±11,752.03-1,158.27± 16.75 和1,712.91 ±23.62-5,356.10± 14.85ppmv，而以棕色瓶偵測時分別介於3,312.20±39.92-4,797.14 ±105.05、1,179.17 ±13.12-11,871.53 ±302.51和1,758.01 ±24.35-5,858.72± 136.62 ppmv。以透明瓶偵測CH_4濃度分別介於12.58±1.76- 117.33±2.64、55.46 ± 0.78-981.57±41.73 和34.44±0.91-520.81±87.02 ppmv，而以棕色瓶偵測時分別介於12.94 ± 0.56- 123.41±1.98、23.82 ± 0.64-1,018.98±51.60和37.07±0.67-533.73 ± 78.82 ppmv。氣體通量方面， 東港溪流域CO_2 租CH_4通量上、中及下游則依序介於77.09±3.77-225.49±76.16 和0.23±0.40-0.86±0.18、62.54 ±6.93-172.58± 16.93和0.84±0.10-3.79±0.87及132.92 ±22.85-258.40 ± 27.83 和0.34±0.08-3.75 ± 1.62 mg m^(-2) h^(-1) 。棕色瓶水樣甲烷及二氧化碳釋放量略高於透明瓶水樣。河川溫室氣體之釋放量與污染程度相關，東港溪遭受嚴重畜牧廢水污染，溪水與底泥有機物含量高易產生溫室氣體。
並列摘要
To quantify the greenhouse gases emissions from rivers, environmental conditions, water qualities, carbon dioxide and methane emissions were determined in the Tungkang River of southern Taiwan. The water quality is the best in the up-stream area, follows by the downstream area, and the mid-stream area is the worst. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations were 36 1.18±6.62-385.71±8.87, 398.44±11.09-410.94±4.15 and 369.38±4.55-406.06±12.62 ppm in the up-, mid- and down- stream areas, respectively; while atmospheric methane concentrations were 1.78±0.02-2.13±0.16, 2.05±0.06-2.27±0.05 and 1.99±0 .07-2.44±0.12 ppm, respectively. By using the headspace method with colorless bottle, carbon dioxide concentrations were 3,134.05±8.38-4,663.59±178.51, 1,158.27±16.75-11,752.03±135.39 and 1,712.91±23.62-5,356.10±14.85 ppmv, respectively; while methane concentrations fell into the range of 12.58±1.76-117.33±2.64, 55.46±0.78-981.57±41.73 and 34.44±0.91-520.81±87.02 ppmv, respectively. By using the brown color bottle, carbon dioxide concentrations were 3,312.20±39.92-4,797.14±105.05, 1,179.17±13.12-11,871.53±302.51 and 1,758.01±24.35-5,858.72±136.62 ppmv, respectively; while methane concentrations fell into the range of 12.94±0.56-123.41±1.98,23.82±0.64-1,018.98±5 1.60 and 37.07±0.67-533.73±98.82 ppmv. By using the static-chamber method, carbon dioxide emission rates were 77.09±3.77-225.49±76.16, 62.54±6.93-172.58 ±16.93 and 132.92±22.85-258.40±27.83 mg m^(-2) h^(-1), respectively; methane emission rates were 0.23±0.40-0.86±0.18, 0.84±0.10-3.79±0.87 and 0.34±0.08-3.75±1.62mg m^(-2) h^(-1), respectively. Carbon dioxide and methane concentrations were higher in brown color bottle than those in colorless bottle. Greenhouse gases emissions from river had high correlation with degree of pollution. Livestock wastewater is the main pollution in Tungkang River.