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臺灣社會工作督導實務之初探：比較被督者、督導者以及主管之觀點
A Preliminary Study on Social Work Supervision Practice in Taiwan: Comparing the Perspectives of Supervisees, Supervisors, and Agency Managers
摘要
督導是社會工作專業的基礎，本研究主要關注在新公共管理主義的浪潮下，臺灣的社工督導實務及督導功能所受到的影響及變化。為了更全面了解社工督導實務現況，本研究採取問卷調查方式，分別從被督導者、機構督導者及機構主管的觀點來蒐集資料。重要研究發現如下：一、機構督導通常是以個別督導及團體督並行的方式，多為每月進行，督導的素材主要來自於被督導者的自我報告。二、督導者升任督導職位的動機，主要考量有助於個人的專業成長，機構督導者最主要的困境是處於三明治角色的壓力，產生平衡角色衝突的困難。三、有高達96.7%機構有運用外部督導的經驗，用以補足內部督導的專業教育功能，但外部督導也有其限制，最主要是對被督導者及社工實務了解的深度有限。四、在被督導者、督導者及主管三者中，機構督導者對於自身督導功能的評分是最低的，顯現機構督導者普遍缺乏專業自信。五、多數的被督導者及機構主管肯定臺灣的社工督導具有專業度，但有半數的督導者則認為專業度不足。在提升社工督導專業發展的建議方面，最重視的是加強督導的教育與訓練。因此，應該將督導者接受督導視為工作的一部分，提供足夠的督導資源，以支持社工督導專業的發展。
並列摘要
Supervision is the foundation of the social work profession. This study mainly focuses on the influence and changes of Taiwan's social work supervision practice and supervisory function under the wave of new public management. In order to have a more comprehensive understanding of the actual situation of social work supervision, this study uses questionnaires to collect data from the viewpoints of supervisees, supervisors and agency managers. Important research findings are as follows: 1. Social work supervision is usually carried out in parallel with individual supervision and group supervision, mostly monthly. The materials for supervision mainly come from the self-reports of the supervisee. 2. Supervisors' motivation to be promoted to supervisory positions is mainly considered to contribute to personal professional growth. The supervisor's dilemma is the pressure in the sandwich situation, which makes it difficult to balance the role conflicts. 3. Up to 96.7% of social welfare organizations have experience in using external supervision to supplement the professional education function of internal supervision. However, external supervision also has its limitations, the most important being the limited depth of understanding of the supervised person and social work practices. As many as 96.7% of social welfare organizations hire external supervisors to supplement the professional education function of internal supervisors. However, external supervisors also have their limitations. The main limitation is the limited depth of understanding of the supervisee and social work practices. 4. Among the supervised, supervisors and agency managers, have the lowest evaluation of their own supervisory functions, which shows that social work supervisors generally lack professional confidence. 5. Most supervisees and agency managers affirm that Taiwan's social work supervision is professional, but half of the supervisors think that the supervision is not professional enough. Regarding the recommendations for enhancing the professional development of social worker supervision, the most important thing is to strengthen the education and training of supervision. Therefore, the supervision of supervisors should be regarded as part of the work, and sufficient supervision resources should be provided to support the development of the social work supervision profession.