都市人行環境空間封閉性對時間知覺之影響

雖道路長度與步行時間無法改變，但若透過影響人體時間判斷機制也許能改變認知步行時間。過去研究發現人體受到外在刺激時改變自身情緒狀態、注意力時，時間的感知會產生扭曲的現象。本研究模擬人行走於不同封閉感之街道，透過觀看VR影片第一人稱行走中的視角測驗人是否在時間感、情緒狀態上產生變化。研究結果顯示，情緒狀態對時間感上的影響，在高或低喚起度與高或低愉悅度構成的四類型情緒狀態中，持續時間判斷皆呈現高估。在時間流逝速度判斷中與喚起度、愉悅度呈現正向線性關係。在不同封閉性空間中則觀察到，受測者在持續時間判斷中沒有不同，皆呈現高估時間狀態，而在時間流逝速度上則是封閉性高的空間感到時間流逝慢於低、中封閉性空間。

關鍵字

時間知覺；封閉感；虛擬實境；人行道

並列摘要

Although road length and objective walking time cannot be changed, it may be possible to change the perceived walking time by influencing the bodu's time judgment mechanism. Previous studies have found that the perception of time is distorted when the human body changes its emotional state and attention when exposed to external stimuli. This study simulated people walking on streets with different sense of enclosure feelings, and test whether people experience changes in their perception of time and emotional state by watching the perspective of first-person walking in VR movies. The results show that the influence of emotional state on the perception of time is overestimated in the four types of emotional states composed of high or low arousal and high or low pleasure. In the passage of time judgements, it has a positive linear relationship with arousal and pleasure. In different enclosed spaces, it is observed that there was no difference in the duration judgment, and they all showed an overestimation of time, while the speed of time passing was slower in the space with high closedness feels than in the space with low and medium closedness.