從幸福生活到實際生活－論海德格爾對奧古斯丁《懺悔錄》卷十的闡釋及其得失

From Happy Life to Factical Life: On Heidegger's Interpretation of Book X of Augustine's Confessions and its Success and Failure

李成龍(LI Chenglong)

《道風：基督教文化評論》 54期 (2021/01) Pp. 462-503

摘要

通過重構海德格爾在《奥古斯丁與新柏拉圖主義》對奧古斯丁《懺悔錄》卷十的闡釋，這篇論文論證了海德格爾的奧古斯丁闡釋及其得失。論文首先説明了早期海德格爾對實際生活的哲學關切和他關於實行歷史的闡釋進路。通過剖析海德格爾如何將奧古斯丁對幸福生活的尋求引向他對處在誘惑當中的實際生活狀態的現象學闡明，論文重構了海德格爾對奧古斯丁《懺悔錄》卷十的具體闡釋過程。最後，論文評估了海德格爾的奧古斯丁闡釋的得失。海德格爾準確揭示了奧古斯丁尋求幸福生活的最終歸宿，即走向一種寂靜主義。但海德格爾的闡釋又存在着誤讀，因為他未能看出作為一種靈魂能力的記憶在奧古斯丁尋求幸福生活過程中所具有的神學動機。

關鍵字

奧古斯丁 ； 海德格爾 ； 幸福生活 ； 實際生活 ； 《懺悔錄》卷十

並列摘要

Through the reconstruction of Martin Heidegger's interpretation of Book X of Augustine's Confessions in Augustine and Neo-Platonism, this article demonstrates Heidegger's Augustine-Interpretation and its success and failure. Firstly, this article explains Heidegger's philosophical attention to Factical Life in the early Freiburg period, and his approach to the Enactment-historical Interpretation. Then, by analyzing how Heidegger started from Augustine's study of the Happy Life to his phenomenological clarification of the situation of Factical Life which is full of temptations, this article reconstructs Heidegger's interpretation of Book X of Augustine's Confessions. Finally, this article assesses the success and failure of Heidegger's Interpretation. Heidegger accurately reveals the final destination of Augustine's study of the Happy Life is a kind of quietism. However, his interpretation is a misinterpretation, because he did not see the theological motivation of memoria as a soul ability in Augustine's search for the Happy Life.

並列關鍵字

Augustine ； Martin Heidegger ； Happy Life ； Factical Life ； Book X of Confessions