頁邊的見證－巴黎國家圖書館NAL 1740號抄本佚名《申命記》注釋與加洛林釋經學

Witness from the Edge: The Anonymous Commentary on Deuteronomy in Paris, BnF, NAL 1740 and Carolingian Exegesis

劉寅(LIU Yin)

《道風：基督教文化評論》 56期 (2022/01) Pp. 317-348

摘要

匯總、完善和傳承教父釋經傳統一般認為是加洛林時代聖經闡釋的主流方式。以頁邊注形態保存於巴黎國家圖書館NAL 1740號抄本的佚名《申命記》注釋，揭示了加洛林釋經實踐的其他可能形態。綜合內部與外部證據推斷，這部注釋最有可能是九世紀初里昂主教座堂教士聖經教育的產物。注釋的作者靈活援用了包括伊西多爾在內的多位教父的釋經成果，同時也表現出極高的原創能力。佚名《申命記》注釋將福音書預表論與基督教會乃「屬靈的以色列」的觀念相結合，以此為基礎，建構了對由教士領導的信仰共同體的釋經想象，《申命記》律法則被以「字面義」或「屬靈義」接受為這個共同體的宗教與道德準則。

關鍵字

《申命記》 ； 釋經學 ； 加洛林 ； 里昂

並列摘要

Collecting, supplementing and transmitting patristic exegetical tradition is usually considered as the major method of biblical interpretation in the Carolingian age. An anonymous commentary on Deuteronomy, preserved as marginalia in Paris, BnF, NAL 1740, suggests an alternative mode of Carolingian exegetical practice. Judging from internal and external evidence, the commentary was most likely the product of biblical education among the clerics of Lyon cathedral at the beginning of the ninth century. The anonymous exegete adopted the exegetical heritage of multiple patristic authors, especially Isidore of Seville, in a flexible way, and meanwhile, also demonstrated a high level of originality. The anonymous commentary on Deuteronomy combines the Deuteronomy-Gospels typological motif as well as the idea that the Christian Church is ＂the Spiritual Israel,＂ proposes the exegetical imagination of a community of faith under the leadership of clerics, and interprets the Old Law in Deuteronomy as the religious and moral principles of this community, via both the ＂literal sense＂ and the ＂spiritual sense＂.

並列關鍵字

Deuteronomy ； Biblical Exegesis ； Carolingian ； Lyon