是基督徒的，還是猶太人的？－考察《以賽亞書》敘利亞譯本的一個新視角

敘利亞文別西大（Peshitta）《舊約聖經》的影響沿着絲路遠澤華夏，是最早來華的聖經版本之一。學術界百年以來就其緣起雖爭論不休，但傾向將其歸於西元二世紀中期的敘利亞基督教群體。本文提出一個新的考察視角，並列舉了幾個前人未曾探討的案例，來表明敘利亞文《以賽亞書》的章句多次展現出對《新約》敘利亞文譯本的文本或者思維依賴；由此可知，別西大《舊約聖經》的《以賽亞書》譯本最終成書，或不早於別西大《新約》翻譯的最終成書時間。這一觀察將有助確定敘利亞文《以賽亞書》的譯者，很可能是熟稔敘利亞文《新約》的基督徒。同時，《以賽亞書》譯者對於經文的「新約化」改動，大多並非為了去猶太化的教義目的，而是無意為之。這為我們提供了聖經以及早期希臘教父的描述之外一個不一樣的、猶太教與基督教之間相對和諧的相處圖景。

關鍵字

別西大聖經；猶太教；《以賽亞書》；聖經翻譯；七十子譯本

並列摘要

The Syriac translation of the Hebrew Bible (Peshitta), one of the most ancient versions of the Bible, was far reaching, even reaching as far as China through the Silk Road. While since the 18^(th) century there have been huge debates as to the origin of the Peshitta, common opinion dates the Peshitta of Isaiah, as a whole, to the 2^(nd) century AD, and ascribes it to Syriac Jewish Christians. This article provides a new perspective to understand its origins better. Using four examples, this article suggests that, rather than the other way round, the Peshitta of Isaiah depends on the wording of the Syriac New Testament. This conclusion bears further implications: One of which is that it challenges the established early dating of the Peshitta, although it does further confirm the Jewish-Christian identity of the translators. Overall, this research sheds light on the world of the Syriac-speaking translators, which is relatively under-documented.

並列關鍵字

Peshitta ； Syriac Translation of the Bible ； Judaism ； Isaiah ； Septuagint

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