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「遊行天下斬妖精」:法場,臺灣北部的驅邪儀式

"Demon Heads Fall by the Thousands": The fachang, an Exorcistic Ritual from Northern Taiwan

摘要


驅邪也許是中國宗教建築的基石。二千年來,他們被設計成一種司法審訊過程,類似於古代薩滿教和戲劇。根據1984年11月對臺灣北部道士驅邪儀式的研究表明,事物的象徵性轉變是這種複雜儀式的核心:每一個儀式都對應著一個不朽的神仙,祂一旦被召喚,就會引起所需的變化,從而有效地完成儀式。

並列摘要


Exorcism may well be the foundation stone of the Chinese religious edifice. Conceived, for over two thousand years already, as a kind of judicial interrogation, it is related both to the shamanism of antiquity and to the theatre. The present study of an exorcism performed in November 1984 by northern Taiwanese Taoists seeks to demonstrate that the fundamental technique of this ritual is that of symbolic transformation: for each individual rite there is an immortal who, once he has been invoked, causes the desired transformation and thus enables the priest to execute the rite efficaciously.

參考文獻


DZ1221 王契真,《上清靈寶大法》
雲夢睡虎地秦墓編寫組,1981,《雲夢睡虎地秦墓》,北京:文物出版社。
De Groot, J. J. M. 1910. The Religious System of China VI. Leiden, E. J. Brill.
Harper, Donald. 1985. “A Chinese Demonography of the Third Century B. C.” Harvard Journal of Asian Studies 45 (2), pp. 459-498.
Hou, Ching-Lang. 1975. Monnaies d'offrande et la notion de trésorerie dans la religion chinoise. Paris, Institut des hautes Études chinoises (Mémoires de l'Institut des hautes Études chinoises I).

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