民国时期文献面临的问题与警示

The Problems and Reflections of Documents Published in the Republic of China

林明(Ming Lin)

《天禄论丛：中国研究图书馆员学会学刊（简体中文）》 2卷 (2012/03) Pp. 54-66

摘要

论文以中国大陆图书馆藏民国时期文献所面临的问题为切入点，分析其损毁的成因和警示作用。已有的研究表明酸性物质是纸张劣化的根本原因，而机器纸因造纸原料的选择、增白剂和添加剂的使用，使其含酸度明显增加，所以以机器纸为印刷载体的民国文献损毁程度严重。国家图书馆对纸张酸度测试的数据也表明民国文献所面临的问题与载体pH值有关。因此使用“无酸永久纸”作为文献印刷的载体是文献长期保存的关键环节。欧美国家出版行业已普遍使用“无酸永久纸”印刷学术出版物和政府出版物，而中国大陆当代出版物所使用的印刷纸张仍无法满足永久保存的需求，图书馆界应承担起推广“无酸永久纸”使用的社会责任和使命。

關鍵字

民国文献 ； 文献保护 ； 无酸永久纸

並列摘要

This paper analyses the cause of deterioration of documents published in the Republic of China, and reflects this problems. Previous studies have indicated that acid is the primary cause of materials deterioration. Owing to the selection of raw materials for paper making and the use of chlorine bleaches and additives, the acid of machine - made paper increases significantly. As the carrier of documents published in the Republic of China, high - acid machine - made paper causes serious damage. A test on paper pH values from a collection in National Library of China indicates that the damage of documents published in the Republic of China is often related to pH values. Therefore acid-free permanent paper is very important for long-term preservation. The publishing industries in the U. S. and Europe generally use acid-free permanent paper to print academic and government publications. Paper used by modern Chinese publishing industries is hard to meet the demand of long-term preservation. Libraries in China should undertake their social responsibility and mission to promote using acid-free permanent paper.

並列關鍵字

documents published in the Republic of China ； document preservation ； acid - free permanent paper