東方果實蠅之產卵行為（I）產卵潛能

OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOR OF DACUS DORSALIS HENDEL (I) On the Oviposition Potential

邱煇宗(Huei-Tzong Chiu) ； 朱耀沂(Yau-I Chu)

《中華昆蟲》 7卷2期 (1987/09) Pp. vi+119-126

https://doi.org/10.6660/TESFE.1987014

摘要

東方果實蠅雌蟲在產卵盛期具頻繁之產卵行爲，可謂白天之主要活動爲產卵。此產卵行爲包括產卵部位之尋找，產卵管之揷入及產完卵後之清拭產卵管。面對適宜產卵之寄主果實時，雌蟲不但在同一果實之不同部位連續產卵，且能於同一果實之同一部位重複的產卵。此種重複產卵之現象也可能發生於不同個體上。每次揷入產卵管平均約需2分鐘，且產入約4粒卵，然時常也發現挿入產卵管後却完全不產卵之行為。此種重複產卵行爲在剛進入產卵盛期之雌蟲初遇到適當之寄主果實時較易發生。經數次之實際產卵後，卽出現僅挿入產卵管而無產卵之行爲。同時若有不同成熟度之寄主果實，雌蟲偏好較成熟之果實。其產卵次數、產卵孔數及產卵粒數均隨果實之成熟度而增加。以人工方式接入卵粒於番石榴果內，除直徑3 cm以下之小綠果外，任何成熟度之果實均能讓卵粒正常發育以至蛹期。由接入不同卵粒數（X）於直徑7 cm之番石榴成熟果内所發育之幼蟲數Y_1可推算出兩者呈曲線迴歸關係Y_1 = 27.5589 + 0.9018X-0.0008X^2，卽可由田間之卵數或果內之幼蟲數互相估算其將發育之幼蟲數或母蟲所產下之卵數。每成熟果內接入80粒時還能維持幼蟲之正常發育，每果內卵粒數超過160粒時，幼蟲之發育、蛹體之體型及重量上卽產生明顯之差異。

並列摘要

In daytime the main activity of female oriental fruit fly is almost occupied with following five behaviors: walking, feeding, probing, oviposition and cleaning of ovipositor with hind leg. For one typical behavior pattern, during 10:30 am to 2:00 pm, it inserts ovipositor into the provided guava fruit 46 times. Besides its intermittently walks 79 times and cleans ovipositor 40 times. Through the experiment about 56% of the time has been spent for ovipositor insertion. While the inserting of ovipositor does not mean the actual oviposition, there is no significant relationship between the duration of oviposition inserting and egg deposition. The duration of ovipositor inserting varies considerably, it ranges from 14 seconds to 350 seconds. There are 17 of 30 cases actually laid eggs, about 90% of eggs laid in the first five insertions. The test of oviposition preference is conducted with four grades of matured guava fruits, i. e. ripen, large-green, mid-green and small green. The female are apparently prefered the ripen ones. The development of the larvae could complete in all the fruit, besides of the small-green one. The relationships between the no. of female on fruit (A), the frequency of oviposition inserting (B) and the no. of egg deposited (C) are given by linear equations: B=0.4291+0.4942A (r=0.7964), C=-7.5485+21.1268A (r=0.8676). In the meantime, the relation between frequency of inserting (F) and no. of egg deposited (E) may express by following equation. E=16.0326+32.4700F (r=0.8232). When 80 eggs are inoculated into the ripen guava diameter 7 cm and weight 160 g, the hatched larvae still can developed well. On the same weight ripen guava, there is a equation to describe the relationship between the no. of egg inoculated (X) and the no. of survival larvae (Y_1), Y_1= 27.5589+0.9018X-0.0008X^2.