玉米螟赤眼卵蜂大量生產技術改進　I.卵片製作機研製及卵片保鮮

THE IMPROVED TECHNIQUES FOR MASS PRODUCTION OF TRICHOGRAMMA OSTRINIAE I. Egg Card Machine and Preservation of Egg Cards

曾清田(Ching-Tien Tsneg)

《中華昆蟲》 10卷1期 (1990/03) Pp. ix+101-107

https://doi.org/10.6660/TESFE.1990009

摘要

卵片製作機研製之目的是在減輕蜂片生產過程人力負荷及生產成本。其製作原理係採用紙張印刷機（羅拉布塗佈機）自黏式標籤塗膠及砂布製作法研製的。其製作效率經測試結果比人工製作者快約10倍，每製成1萬公頃玉米田所需之蜂片（3,000,000片／ha.），可縮短工作時數達2,625小時，節省經費新臺幣118,125.0元。以機械製成之卵片每片（3.5×1.5cm）平均卵粒數在1,100～1,400左右，較人工製作者每片平均在900～1,600之間變異小而一致。卵片保鮮旨在提高卵粒利用率及調適蜂片產期與釋放期不易搭配之困擾。卵片保鮮是以製成之卵片經噴灑保鮮劑福佑靈（Fuyolin）後在低溫下貯存不同時間後觀測卵粒之被寄生率決定保鮮效果，試驗結果以卵片經紫外線照射再噴灑保鮮劑效果最佳。經該方法處理過之卵片在4℃下貯藏15天、20天、25天及30天後之被寄生率分別為：74.3％，54.7％，40.7％及34.1％。其中貯藏15天者被寄生率與對照無顯著之差異，仍可用於蜂片生產，而貯藏20天、25天及30天之卵片可做為種蜂繁殖之用。採用此保鮮法生產蜂片不但可使當日用剩之卵粒免於廢棄，並可適度調整蜂片產期與釋放期不易配合之困擾，而有助於釋放適期之把握及寄生蜂田間寄生效果之提高。

並列摘要

The purpose of developing the egg card machine is to decrease labor hours and the costs in the mass production of Trichogramma ostriniae. The egg card machine is 10 times faster than laborers in producing egg cards. It saves 2,265 hours and NT$118,125.0 in every finish of 3,000,000 egg cards (3.5×1.5 cm) which are used to release in 10,000 hectares of field corn. The average number of eggs per machine card ranged from 1,100 to 1,400 is more uniform and less variation than those on laborer cards which are ranged from 900 to 1,600 per card. The objective for preserving the egg cards is to increase the efficiciency of egg utilization. Of 4 treatments tested, treatment B (egg cards irradiated by UV light for 1 hr→sprayed preservative agent ＂Fuyolin＂→stored a t low temp. (4°C)) is the most effective in preserving egg cards. The parasitisms percentage on egg cards treated with treatment B and stored at 4°C for 15 days, 20 days, 25 days and 30 days were 74.3%, 54.7%, 40.7% and 34.1% respectively. It is indicative that the parasitism percentage on egg cards stored for 15 days is not significantly different from that of check, this implies that these egg cards could be still used for mass production of the egg parasitoids. Those egg cards which had been stored for 20 days, 25 days and 30 days could only be used for maintaining the egg parasitoid colony at the laboratory. By using treatment B for preserving the egg cards could save the surplus of alternate host Corcyra cephalonica Stainton eggs from being discarded each day and could also help adjust the differences in time between producing and releasing egg cards on the corn field.