白線斑蚊卵、幼蟲及蛹之發育

Development of Eggs, Larvae and Pupae of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera:Culicidae)

李學進(Shae-Jinn Lee)

《中華昆蟲》 14卷1期 (1994/03) Pp. ii+13-32

https://doi.org/10.6660/TESFE.1994002

摘要

於28℃生長箱中，保濕之白線斑蚊卵，大多集中在產卵後5-7日內孵化。在供試之溫度15-36℃範圍中，卵期與蛹期均隨溫度之升高而縮短，幼蟲則以在32℃下之發育為最快，若同時考量發育速率與存活率時，則白線斑蚊之發育最適溫在28至32℃之間。於28℃下，白線斑蚊之卵期、幼蟲期及蛹期依次為4.4日、5.7日及2日；由卵至成蟲發育所需時間平均為12.1日。幼蟲之發育臨界低溫及總積溫估值各為10.37℃及105.26日度。來自同一批卵但不同時孵化之幼蟲，其發育期之間具有顯著之差異性，且愈晚孵化之幼蟲，其死亡率愈高。於固定之空間及食物下，幼蟲隨幼蟲飼育密度之增高其發育期顯著增長，而死亡率亦相對提高。集體飼育下，幼蟲之發育較單隻飼育者為慢；與埃及斑蚊混合飼育時，因埃及斑蚊之存在而減緩白線斑蚊幼蟲之發育。於室內定溫及室外變溫之環境中，白線斑蚊之發育均較埃及斑蚊為慢。在田間網室試驗中，此兩種斑蚊之幼蟲期，於混合飼育與單種飼育下均有相當之差異。

關鍵字

白線斑蚊 ； 埃及斑蚊 ； 發育 ； 溫度

並列摘要

Most eggs of the tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse), when kept in wet conditions, would hatch within 5 to 7 days after oviposition. Both of egg and pupal durations were shortened with increasing temperatures from 15 to 36℃ but the fastest larval development was found at 32℃. Based on both developmental rate and survival rate, the optimal temperatures ranged from 28 to 32℃. At 28℃, it took 4.4 days for about 91.6% of newly laid eggs to hatch into larvae. Larvae required an average of 5.7 days for development, while pupal duration was 2 days. The development from egg to adult took an average of 12.1 days. The estimate of low developmental threshold and thermal summation for larvae was 10.37℃ and 105.26 degree-days, respectively. Developmental durations of Aedes albopictus larvae from different hatch groups in the same batch of eggs differed significantly. The later the larvae emerged, the higher mortality was observed. Developmental duration of larvae prolonged and mortality increased with ascending larval densities under a constant space and food supply. Larvae developed significantly slower under collective rearing than the single larva rearing. Mixed rearing of Aedes albopictus with Aedes aegypti delayed the development of Aedes albopictus larvae. Development of Aedes albopictus larvae was slower than that of Aedes aegypti larvae under various experimental conditions.

並列關鍵字

Aedes albopictus ； Aedes aegypti ； development ； temperature