中華瘧蚊（Anopheles sinensis）交配行為之研究

Studeis of Mating Behavior of Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae)

劉承雯(Hong-Song Sheu) ； 葉金彰(Chin-Chang Yen) ； 王正雄(Cheng-Hsung Wang)

《中華昆蟲》 16卷4期 (1996/12) Pp. iii+243-255

https://doi.org/10.6660/TESFE.1996024

摘要

中華瘧蚊(Anopheles sinensis)必須藉雄蚊之群舞以提供交配之場所，雄蚊於實驗室中進入黑暗期時，在1 lux之微光下，70%-80%之雄蚊開始環繞標記物，形成群舞，作上下左右迴路式飛行，而此時雌蚊在群舞外有振翅動作。標記物可助長雄蚊集眾，其形狀會影響舞群之結構和飛行方向。群舞行為集中在燈暗後之1小時之間，進入第2小時則群舞蟲數銳減，僅剩30%之個體仍然在飛舞。雄蚊開始群舞後，雌蚊即陸續飛入舞群中，先被雄蚊抓住，進而開始飛行或著地交配。70%之雌蚊於群舞行為開始後1小時內交配，交配時間平均為3.3秒(2-8秒)。受精率在微光(1 lux)光源來自蟲籠側方比來自上方更高，而光源顏色除藍光使受精率較低外，其餘色光之蟲體受精率並無差異。光週期為L:D = l2:12及8:16時，雌蚊之受精率均在80%以上。雌雄性比為20:l時，雌蚊之受精率為0%，而雌雄性比為1:5時，雌蚊之受精率達98.3%。在適溫範圍，雌蚊之受精率隨溫度之上升而增加，以30 oC之受精率(95%)為最高。

關鍵字

群舞 ； 標記物 ； 性比 ； 中華瘧蚊 ； 受精率

並列摘要

A place for the mosquito, Anopheles sinensis, to mate has to be made available by the swarming of males. Under 1 lux light after dawn in the laboratory, 70%-80% of males swarmed by circling around a marker in a zigzag path. Meanwhile, females waited outside the circle and showed wing vibration. A marker helped males gather, and its shape influenced the swarming structure and flight direction. Swarming mainly occurred during the 1st h of the dark period (18:00-19:00). After 1 h of darkness (19:00-20:00), the numbers of swarming males greatly decreased; only 30% of males continued swarming. During swarming, females were attracted to join and were caught by males for mating. We observed 70% of females mating wihtin 1 h after the onset of swarming and mating usually lasted for 2-8 sec with an average of 3.3 sec. Dim light (1 lux) from the side helped insemination of females more than light from above. As to the effect of the color of light which decreased the rate, the other colors made no significant difference. Different photoperiods [Light (L.): Darkness (D)] also influenced the tendency of female mating. When L:D=12:12 and L:D=8:16, the insemination rates of females surpassed 80%. The insemination rate rose as the sex ratio of males to females increased. When ♀:♂=1:5, the insemination rate reached 98.3%. As for the effect of temperature in the normal range, insemination rates increased as the tmeperature went up with a peak of 95% at 30℃.

並列關鍵字

swarming ； marker ； sex ratio ； Anopheles sinensis ； insemination rate