揭弊者保護制度的刑事政策省思

Review of Whistleblower’s Protection in Light of Penal Policy

許恒達(Heng-da Hsu)

《刑事政策與犯罪研究論文集》 18集 (2015/11) Pp. 67-84

https://doi.org/10.6482/ECPCR.201511.0003

摘要

本文檢討揭弊者保護制度可能帶來的刑事政策衝擊，相反於一般支持揭弊者制度的論調，筆者認為揭弊者保護制度帶來兩種不同層面的刑事政策意義：該制度不僅使得刑罰權私人化，原本應屬公共意義的刑事訴追將在一定程度內為私人所控制，私人從反抗刑事訴追者化身為協助實現刑事訴追的公官署；同時，透過揭弊者保護制度創造了每個人都應該自我監控並監視他人的社會氛圍，國家權力對於個人的監控效能，更在私人自願揭弊的擴張效應下，日益滲透到我們日常生活的每一個層面。

關鍵字

揭弊者 ； 吹哨者 ； 刑事訴追私人化 ； 公益代位訴訟 ； 私人公署化

並列摘要

This article aims to analyze the possible difficulties brought by legislation of whistleblowing. In contrast to the supporting argument of its legislation, the author finds that the introduction of whistleblower's protection implies both aspects: Firstly, it causes the privatization of criminal punishment, especially the criminal investigation and charge. Secondly, each member of society will be forced or encouraged to surveillance himself as well as other people in his society.

並列關鍵字

whistleblowing ； whistleblower ； privatization of criminal investigation ； qui tam action ； publicization of private