兩岸簽訂經濟合作架構協議（ECFA）後對中小企業之影響實證研究－從中小企業之觀點評析

The Impact of Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) Signed between Taiwan and China - From the Perspective of Small Medium Enterprises

許文西(Wen-Hsi Lydia Hsu) ； 許源派(Yuan-Pai Hsu)

《發展與前瞻學報》 1期 (2013/06) Pp. 5-41

https://doi.org/10.6737/JDP.201306_(1).01

摘要

兩岸經濟合作架構協議(ECFA)的簽訂，是兩岸關係發展的里程碑。兩岸簽署ECFA，對中小企業影響甚鉅，然而並未有實證研究，從中小企業的觀點評析ECFA政策，本研究旨在探討中小企業對ECFA簽訂的看法，透過問卷調查法，應用因素分析(Factor Analysis; FA)，探討中小企業對政府簽定ECFA的看法，並設計開放式問項，讓中小企業主發表意見，並加以彙整，以最為政府後續進行兩岸針對ECFA協商的參考。研究結果發現，針對政府簽訂ECFA對中小企業之影響，從「對台灣整體利益」、「對公司營運的影響」、「對ECFA的認知」以及「對投資決策的影響」等構面，中小企業皆持正面的看法。然而，這些觀點，在性別、年齡、教育程度、以及服務年資等變數，皆有顯著的不同。開放式問卷結果，中小企業受訪者最迫切需要的是「投資保護」以及「智慧財產權保護」。此研究結果於實務應用上，將有助於政府規劃出符合中小企業期望與需求的相關措施，並能適當的定位出中小企業在後ECFA時代所扮演之角色。本研究主要貢獻在於首次實證研究並應用因素分析(Factor Analysis; FA)將中小企業對於政府簽訂ECFA的認知因素加以歸納，分析影響中小企業對於政府簽訂ECFA的認知的相關因素，不僅有益於學術界在中小企業認知行為與簽訂ECFA需求模型結合上之考量，更有助於政府單位在後續簽訂相關自由貿易協議或經濟合作架構協議之參考依據。

關鍵字

經濟合作架構協議 ； 中小企業 ； 因素分析 ； 實證研究

並列摘要

Signing the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) between the two sides across the Taiwan Strait is a milestone in the development of cross-strait relations. The two sides signed the ECFA has a profound influence on Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs). However, there is no empirical research exploring the viewpoints from the perspective of SMEs. The purpose of the study is therefore to explore the viewpoints of SMEs related to the ECFA signed between the two sides. The study was conducted by employing the questionnaire survey method and analyzed by factor analysis. Open-ended questionnaires were also designed to allow SMEs to express their opinions regarding to the signed ECFA to provide valuable information for further policy making between the two sides. The results showed that, from the ＂overall interests of Taiwan＂, ＂impact on the company's operation,＂ ＂awareness of the ECFA,＂ and ＂the impact on investment decisions＂ dimensions, small and medium enterprises are holding a positive view. However, these views, in terms of gender, age, education level, and years of service, there are significant differences. The findings from the open-ended questionnaires indicate that the urgent needs for SME respondents are ＂investment protection＂ and ＂intellectual property protection.＂ The results will help the government plan for the future in line with expectations and needs of SMEs and properly positioning the SMEs' role in the post-ECFA era. The main contribution of this study is to apply factor analysis to differentiate the viewpoints regarding to the impact of the signed ECFA on SMEs. The results not only benefit the academics in building a cognitive model of SMEs but also help the government to understand the needs of SMEs and to benefit the future policy-making.

並列關鍵字

Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) ； Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) ； Factor Analysis ； Empirical Research

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