This monograph is closely related to a paper entitled Taoist Cultivation and Ming Thought delivered by Professor Liu at the Conference on Ming Thought which was held in Champaign, Illinois, U. S. A. in June, 1966. The former paper did not discuss in detail the historical background of Ming time taoist revival. It is the aim of this monograph to present a fuller discussion on those relevant points which were left out in that earlier paper in order to bring more light on the historical significance of this problem.